Teiid provides the capability to obtain "partial results" in the event of data source unavailability or failure. This is especially useful when unioning information from multiple sources, or when doing a left outer join, where you are 'appending' columns to a master record but still want the record if the extra information is not available.
A source is considered to be 'unavailable' if the connection factory associated with the source issues an exception in response to a query. The exception will be propagated to the query processor, where it will become a warning on the statement. See the Client Guide for more on Partial Results Mode and SQLWarnings.