java.lang.Object
- org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect
- - org.hibernate.dialect.AbstractTransactSQLDialect
  - - org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect

All Implemented Interfaces:

FunctionContributor, TypeContributor, ConversionContext

Direct Known Subclasses:

AzureSQLServerDialect, SQLServer2012Dialect, SQLServer2016Dialect
```
public class SQLServerDialect
extends AbstractTransactSQLDialect
```
A dialect for Microsoft SQL Server 2008 and above

Nested Class Summary
- Nested classes/interfaces inherited from class org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect
  Dialect.SizeStrategy, Dialect.SizeStrategyImpl

Field Summary
- Fields inherited from class org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect
  CLOSED_QUOTE, FALSE_STRING_VALUES, LEGACY_LOB_MERGE_STRATEGY, LOG_BASE2OF10, NEW_LOCATOR_LOB_MERGE_STRATEGY, QUOTE, STANDARD_MULTI_KEY_LOAD_SIZING_STRATEGY, STREAM_XFER_LOB_MERGE_STRATEGY, TRUE_STRING_VALUES

Constructor Summary

Constructors
Constructor Description

SQLServerDialect()

SQLServerDialect(DatabaseVersion version)

SQLServerDialect(DialectResolutionInfo info)

Method Summary

All Methods Static Methods Instance Methods Concrete Methods
Modifier and Type	Method	Description
`void`	`appendBinaryLiteral(SqlAppender appender, byte[] bytes)`	Append a binary literal to the given `SqlAppender`.
`void`	`appendDatetimeFormat(SqlAppender appender, String format)`	Translate the given datetime format string from the pattern language defined by Java's `DateTimeFormatter` to whatever pattern language is understood by the native datetime formatting function for this database (often the `to_char()` function).
`void`	`appendDateTimeLiteral(SqlAppender appender, TemporalAccessor temporalAccessor, TemporalType precision, TimeZone jdbcTimeZone)`	Append a datetime literal representing the given `java.time` value to the given `SqlAppender`.
`void`	`appendDateTimeLiteral(SqlAppender appender, Calendar calendar, TemporalType precision, TimeZone jdbcTimeZone)`	Append a datetime literal representing the given `Calendar` value to the given `SqlAppender`.
`void`	`appendDateTimeLiteral(SqlAppender appender, Date date, TemporalType precision, TimeZone jdbcTimeZone)`	Append a datetime literal representing the given `Date` value to the given `SqlAppender`.
`String`	`appendLockHint(LockOptions lockOptions, String tableName)`	Some dialects support an alternative means to `SELECT FOR UPDATE`, whereby a "lock hint" is appended to the table name in the `from` clause.
`void`	`appendUUIDLiteral(SqlAppender appender, UUID literal)`	Append a literal SQL `uuid` representing the given Java `UUID`.
`IdentifierHelper`	`buildIdentifierHelper(IdentifierHelperBuilder builder, DatabaseMetaData dbMetaData)`	The `IdentifierHelper` indicated by this dialect for handling identifier conversions.
`SQLExceptionConversionDelegate`	`buildSQLExceptionConversionDelegate()`	An instance of `SQLExceptionConversionDelegate` for interpreting dialect-specific error or SQLState codes.
`String`	`castPattern(CastType from, CastType to)`	Obtain a pattern for the SQL equivalent to a `cast()` function call.
`protected String`	`castType(int sqlTypeCode)`	The SQL type to use in `cast( ... as ... )` expressions when casting to the target type represented by the given JDBC type code.
`char`	`closeQuote()`	The character specific to this dialect used to close a quoted identifier.
`protected String`	`columnType(int sqlTypeCode)`	The database column type name for a given JDBC type code defined in `Types` or `SqlTypes`.
`void`	`contributeTypes(TypeContributions typeContributions, ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry)`	A callback which allows the `Dialect` to contribute types.
`MutationOperation`	`createOptionalTableUpdateOperation(EntityMutationTarget mutationTarget, OptionalTableUpdate optionalTableUpdate, SessionFactoryImplementor factory)`	Create a `MutationOperation` for a updating an optional table
`String`	`currentDate()`	Translation of the HQL/JPQL `current_date` function, which maps to the Java type `Date`, and of the HQL `local_date` function which maps to the Java type `LocalDate`.
`String`	`currentTime()`	Translation of the HQL/JPQL `current_time` function, which maps to the Java type `Time` which is a time with no time zone.
`String`	`currentTimestamp()`	Translation of the HQL/JPQL `current_timestamp` function, which maps to the Java type `Timestamp` which is a datetime with no time zone.
`String`	`currentTimestampWithTimeZone()`	Translation of the HQL `offset_datetime` function, which maps to the Java type `OffsetDateTime` which is a datetime with a time zone.
`static Replacer`	`datetimeFormat(String format)`
`boolean`	`doesReadCommittedCauseWritersToBlockReaders()`	For the underlying database, is `READ_COMMITTED` isolation implemented by forcing readers to wait for write locks to be released?
`boolean`	`doesRepeatableReadCauseReadersToBlockWriters()`	For the underlying database, is `REPEATABLE_READ` isolation implemented by forcing writers to wait for read locks to be released?
`String`	`extractPattern(TemporalUnit unit)`	Obtain a pattern for the SQL equivalent to an `extract()` function call.
`String`	`generatedAs(String generatedAs)`	The `generated as` clause, or similar, for generated column declarations in DDL statements.
`String`	`getAlterColumnTypeString(String columnName, String columnType, String columnDefinition)`	The fragment of an `alter table` command which modifies a column type, or null if column types cannot be modified.
`CallableStatementSupport`	`getCallableStatementSupport()`	The `CallableStatementSupport` for this database.
`String`	`getCreateIndexString(boolean unique)`	The command used to create an index, usually `create index` or `create unique index`.
`String`	`getCreateIndexTail(boolean unique, List<Column> columns)`	A string to be appended to the end of the `create index` command, usually to specify that `null` values are to be considered distinct.
`String`	`getCreateTemporaryTableColumnAnnotation(int sqlTypeCode)`	Annotation to be appended to the end of each COLUMN clause for temporary tables.
`String`	`getCurrentSchemaCommand()`	Get the SQL command used to retrieve the current schema name.
`String`	`getCurrentTimestampSelectString()`	The current_timestamp is more accurate, but only known to be supported in SQL Server 7.0 and later and Sybase not known to support it at all
`long`	`getDefaultLobLength()`	This is the default length for a generated column of type `BLOB` or `CLOB` mapped to `Blob` or `Clob`, if LOB columns have a length in this dialect.
`int`	`getDefaultTimestampPrecision()`	SQL server supports up to 7 decimal digits of fractional second precision in a datetime2, but since its duration arithmetic functions try to fit durations into an int, which is impossible with such high precision, so default to generating `datetime2(3)` columns.
`DmlTargetColumnQualifierSupport`	`getDmlTargetColumnQualifierSupport()`	Get the minimum `DmlTargetColumnQualifierSupport` required by this dialect.
`String[]`	`getDropSchemaCommand(String schemaName)`	Get the SQL command used to drop the named schema.
`long`	`getFractionalSecondPrecisionInNanos()`	Even though SQL Server only supports 1/10th microsecond precision, we use nanosecond as the "native" precision for datetime arithmetic since it simplifies calculations.
`IdentityColumnSupport`	`getIdentityColumnSupport()`	Get the appropriate `IdentityColumnSupport` for this dialect.
`int`	`getInExpressionCountLimit()`	Return the limit that the underlying database places on the number of elements in an `IN` predicate.
`LimitHandler`	`getLimitHandler()`	Obtain a `LimitHandler` that implements pagination support for `Query.setMaxResults(int)` and `Query.setFirstResult(int)`.
`int`	`getMaxIdentifierLength()`	What is the maximum identifier length supported by this dialect?
`int`	`getMaxNVarcharLength()`	The biggest size value that can be supplied as argument to a `Types.NVARCHAR`-like type.
`int`	`getMaxVarcharLength()`	The biggest size value that can be supplied as argument to a `Types.VARCHAR`-like type.
`protected DatabaseVersion`	`getMinimumSupportedVersion()`	Get the version of the SQL dialect that is the minimum supported by this implementation.
`NameQualifierSupport`	`getNameQualifierSupport()`	The support for qualified identifiers.
`String`	`getNoColumnsInsertString()`	The fragment used to insert a row without specifying any column values, usually just `()`, but sometimes `default values`.
`String`	`getQueryHintString(String sql, String hints)`	Apply a hint to the given SQL query.
`String`	`getQuerySequencesString()`	Get the `select` command used retrieve the names of all sequences.
`Exporter<Sequence>`	`getSequenceExporter()`	Get an `Exporter` for `Sequence`s, usually `StandardSequenceExporter`.
`SequenceSupport`	`getSequenceSupport()`	Get the appropriate `SequenceSupport` for this dialect.
`Dialect.SizeStrategy`	`getSizeStrategy()`	A custom `Dialect.SizeStrategy` for column types.
`SqlAstTranslatorFactory`	`getSqlAstTranslatorFactory()`	Return a `SqlAstTranslatorFactory` specific to this dialect, or `null` to use the standard translator.
`TimeZoneSupport`	`getTimeZoneSupport()`	How the dialect supports time zone types like `Types.TIMESTAMP_WITH_TIMEZONE`.
`UniqueDelegate`	`getUniqueDelegate()`	Get the `UniqueDelegate` supported by this dialect
`ViolatedConstraintNameExtractor`	`getViolatedConstraintNameExtractor()`	A `ViolatedConstraintNameExtractor` for extracting the name of a violated constraint from a `SQLException`.
`boolean`	`hasDataTypeBeforeGeneratedAs()`	Is an explicit column type required for `generated as` columns?
`void`	`initializeFunctionRegistry(FunctionContributions functionContributions)`	Initialize the given registry with any dialect-specific functions.
`char`	`openQuote()`	The character specific to this dialect used to begin a quoted identifier.
`protected void`	`registerColumnTypes(TypeContributions typeContributions, ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry)`	Register ANSI-standard column types using the length limits defined by `Dialect.getMaxVarcharLength()`, `Dialect.getMaxNVarcharLength()`, and `Dialect.getMaxVarbinaryLength()`.
`protected void`	`registerDefaultKeywords()`	Register the reserved words of ANSI-standard SQL as keywords.
`JdbcType`	`resolveSqlTypeDescriptor(String columnTypeName, int jdbcTypeCode, int precision, int scale, JdbcTypeRegistry jdbcTypeRegistry)`	Assigns an appropriate `JdbcType` to a column of a JDBC result set based on the column type name, JDBC type code, precision, and scale.
`boolean`	`supportsAlterColumnType()`	Does this dialect support modifying the type of an existing column?
`boolean`	`supportsCircularCascadeDeleteConstraints()`	Does this dialect support definition of cascade delete constraints which can cause circular chains?
`boolean`	`supportsDistinctFromPredicate()`	Does this dialect support some kind of `distinct from` predicate?
`boolean`	`supportsFetchClause(FetchClauseType type)`	Does this dialect support the given `FETCH` clause type.
`boolean`	`supportsFromClauseInUpdate()`	Does this dialect support the `from` clause for update statements?
`boolean`	`supportsIfExistsBeforeConstraintName()`	For dropping a constraint with an `alter table` statement, can the phrase `if exists` be applied before the constraint name?
`boolean`	`supportsIfExistsBeforeTableName()`	For dropping a table, can the phrase `if exists` be applied before the table name?
`boolean`	`supportsLateral()`	Does this dialect support the SQL `lateral` keyword or a proprietary alternative?
`boolean`	`supportsLobValueChangePropagation()`	Does the dialect support propagating changes to LOB values back to the database? Talking about mutating the internal value of the locator, as opposed to supplying a new locator instance.
`boolean`	`supportsNonQueryWithCTE()`	Does this dialect support insert, update, and delete statements with Common Table Expressions (CTEs)?
`boolean`	`supportsNoWait()`	Does this dialect support `NO_WAIT` timeout.
`boolean`	`supportsNullPrecedence()`	Does this dialect support `nulls first` and `nulls last`?
`boolean`	`supportsOffsetInSubquery()`	Does this dialect support `offset` in subqueries?
`boolean`	`supportsRecursiveCTE()`	Does this dialect/database support recursive CTEs?
`boolean`	`supportsResultSetPositionQueryMethodsOnForwardOnlyCursor()`	Does this dialect support asking the result set its positioning information on forward-only cursors?
`boolean`	`supportsSkipLocked()`	Does this dialect support `SKIP_LOCKED` timeout.
`boolean`	`supportsValuesList()`	Does this dialect support `values` lists of form `VALUES (1), (2), (3)`?
`boolean`	`supportsWait()`	Does this dialect support `WAIT` timeout.
`boolean`	`supportsWindowFunctions()`	Does this dialect support window functions like `row_number() over (..)`?
`String`	`timestampaddPattern(TemporalUnit unit, TemporalType temporalType, IntervalType intervalType)`	Obtain a pattern for the SQL equivalent to a `timestampadd()` function call.
`String`	`timestampdiffPattern(TemporalUnit unit, TemporalType fromTemporalType, TemporalType toTemporalType)`	Obtain a pattern for the SQL equivalent to a `timestampdiff()` function call.
`String`	`translateDurationField(TemporalUnit unit)`	Return the name used to identify the given unit of duration as an argument to `#timestampadd()` or `#timestampdiff()`, or of this dialect's equivalent functions.
`String`	`translateExtractField(TemporalUnit unit)`	Return the name used to identify the given field as an argument to the `extract()` function, or of this dialect's equivalent function.
`String`	`trimPattern(TrimSpec specification, boolean isWhitespace)`	Obtain a pattern for the SQL equivalent to a `trim()` function call.

Methods inherited from class org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect
addSqlHintOrComment, appendArrayLiteral, appendBooleanValueString, appendIntervalLiteral, appendLiteral, augmentPhysicalTableTypes, augmentRecognizedTableTypes, buildStringToBooleanCast, buildStringToBooleanCastDecode, buildStringToBooleanDecode, canBatchTruncate, canCreateCatalog, canCreateSchema, canDisableConstraints, checkVersion, contribute, contributeFunctions, currentLocalTime, currentLocalTimestamp, defaultScrollMode, doesRoundTemporalOnOverflow, dropConstraints, equivalentTypes, escapeComment, forceLobAsLastValue, getAddColumnSuffixString, getAddForeignKeyConstraintString, getAddForeignKeyConstraintString, getAddPrimaryKeyConstraintString, getAggregateSupport, getAlterTableString, getArrayTypeName, getAuxiliaryDatabaseObjectExporter, getBatchLoadSizingStrategy, getBeforeDropStatement, getCascadeConstraintsString, getCaseInsensitiveLike, getCheckCondition, getCheckCondition, getCheckCondition, getCheckCondition, getCheckCondition, getColumnAliasExtractor, getColumnComment, getCreateCatalogCommand, getCreateEnumTypeCommand, getCreateEnumTypeCommand, getCreateMultisetTableString, getCreateSchemaCommand, getCreateTableString, getCreateUserDefinedTypeExtensionsString, getCreateUserDefinedTypeKindString, getCrossReferenceParentTableFilter, getDefaultDecimalPrecision, getDefaultIntervalSecondScale, getDefaultNonContextualLobCreation, getDefaultProperties, getDefaultUseGetGeneratedKeys, getDisableConstraintsStatement, getDisableConstraintStatement, getDoublePrecision, getDropCatalogCommand, getDropEnumTypeCommand, getDropEnumTypeCommand, getDropForeignKeyString, getDropTableString, getDropUniqueKeyString, getDual, getEnableConstraintsStatement, getEnableConstraintStatement, getEnumTypeDeclaration, getEnumTypeDeclaration, getFallbackSchemaManagementTool, getFloatPrecision, getForeignKeyExporter, getForUpdateNowaitString, getForUpdateNowaitString, getForUpdateSkipLockedString, getForUpdateSkipLockedString, getForUpdateString, getForUpdateString, getForUpdateString, getForUpdateString, getFromDualForSelectOnly, getFunctionalDependencyAnalysisSupport, getGroupBySelectItemReferenceStrategy, getHqlTranslator, getIndexExporter, getKeywords, getLobMergeStrategy, getLockingStrategy, getLockRowIdentifier, getLowercaseFunction, getMaxAliasLength, getMaxNVarcharCapacity, getMaxVarbinaryCapacity, getMaxVarbinaryLength, getMaxVarcharCapacity, getMultiKeyLoadSizingStrategy, getNationalizationSupport, getNativeIdentifierGeneratorStrategy, getNativeParameterMarkerStrategy, getNullColumnString, getNullColumnString, getParameterCountLimit, getPreferredSqlTypeCodeForArray, getQueryHintString, getReadLockString, getReadLockString, getReadRowLockStrategy, getResultSet, getResultSet, getRowIdColumnString, getSchemaNameResolver, getSelectClauseNullString, getSequenceInformationExtractor, getSqmTranslatorFactory, getTableCleaner, getTableComment, getTableExporter, getTableMigrator, getTableTypeString, getTemporaryTableCreateOptions, getTemporaryTableDdlTransactionHandling, getTemporaryTableDropCommand, getTemporaryTableExporter, getTemporaryTableTruncateCommand, getTimeoutInSeconds, getTruncateTableStatement, getTruncateTableStatements, getUniqueKeyExporter, getUserDefinedTypeComment, getUserDefinedTypeExporter, getVersion, getWriteLockString, getWriteLockString, hasAlterTable, hasSelfReferentialForeignKeyBug, initDefaultProperties, inlineLiteral, isAnsiNullOn, isEmptyStringTreatedAsNull, isJdbcLogWarningsEnabledByDefault, isLob, isLockTimeoutParameterized, ordinal, prependComment, quote, quoteCollation, registerKeyword, registerKeywords, registerResultSetOutParameter, requiresFloatCastingOfIntegerDivision, requiresParensForTupleCounts, requiresParensForTupleDistinctCounts, resolveSqlTypeCode, resolveSqlTypeCode, resolveSqlTypeLength, rowId, rowIdSqlType, supportsBatchUpdates, supportsBindAsCallableArgument, supportsBitType, supportsCascadeDelete, supportsCaseInsensitiveLike, supportsColumnCheck, supportsCommentOn, supportsConflictClauseForInsertCTE, supportsExpectedLobUsagePattern, supportsFractionalTimestampArithmetic, supportsIfExistsAfterAlterTable, supportsIfExistsAfterConstraintName, supportsIfExistsAfterTableName, supportsIfExistsAfterTypeName, supportsIfExistsBeforeTypeName, supportsInsertReturning, supportsInsertReturningGeneratedKeys, supportsInsertReturningRowId, supportsIsTrue, supportsJdbcConnectionLobCreation, supportsLockTimeouts, supportsMaterializedLobAccess, supportsNamedParameters, supportsNationalizedMethods, supportsNoColumnsInsert, supportsOrderByInSubquery, supportsOrdinalSelectItemReference, supportsOuterJoinForUpdate, supportsParametersInInsertSelect, supportsPredicateAsExpression, supportsRefCursors, supportsStandardArrays, supportsStandardCurrentTimestampFunction, supportsSubqueryInSelect, supportsSubqueryOnMutatingTable, supportsSubselectAsInPredicateLHS, supportsTableCheck, supportsTemporalLiteralOffset, supportsTemporaryTablePrimaryKey, supportsTemporaryTables, supportsTruncateWithCast, supportsTupleCounts, supportsUnboundedLobLocatorMaterialization, supportsUnionAll, supportsUnionInSubquery, supportsUpdateReturning, supportsValuesListForInsert, toBooleanValueString, toQuotedIdentifier, toString, transformSelectString, trimPattern, unquoteGetGeneratedKeys, useArrayForMultiValuedParameters, useConnectionToCreateLob, useCrossReferenceForeignKeys, useFollowOnLocking, useInputStreamToInsertBlob, useMaterializedLobWhenCapacityExceeded

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

- Constructor Detail
  - SQLServerDialect
```
public SQLServerDialect()
```
  - SQLServerDialect
```
public SQLServerDialect(DatabaseVersion version)
```
  - SQLServerDialect
```
public SQLServerDialect(DialectResolutionInfo info)
```
- Method Detail
  - getMinimumSupportedVersion
```
protected DatabaseVersion getMinimumSupportedVersion()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the version of the SQL dialect that is the minimum supported by this implementation.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getMinimumSupportedVersion in class Dialect
  - registerDefaultKeywords
```
protected void registerDefaultKeywords()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Register the reserved words of ANSI-standard SQL as keywords.
    
    Overrides:
    
    registerDefaultKeywords in class Dialect
    
    See Also:
    
    AnsiSqlKeywords
  - columnType
```
protected String columnType(int sqlTypeCode)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    The database column type name for a given JDBC type code defined in Types or SqlTypes. This default implementation returns the ANSI-standard type name.
    This method may be overridden by concrete Dialects as an alternative to Dialect.registerColumnTypes(TypeContributions, ServiceRegistry) for simple registrations.
    Note that:
    
    Implementations of this method are expected to define a sensible mapping forTypes.NCLOB Types.NCHAR, and Types.NVARCHAR. On some database, these types are simply remapped to CLOB, CHAR, and VARCHAR.
    Mappings for Types.TIMESTAMP and Types.TIMESTAMP_WITH_TIMEZONE should support explicit specification of precision if possible.
    As specified by DdlTypeRegistry.getDescriptor(int), this method never receives Types.LONGVARCHAR, Types.LONGNVARCHAR, nor Types.LONGVARBINARY, which are considered synonyms for their non-LONG counterparts.
    On the other hand, the types SqlTypes.LONG32VARCHAR, SqlTypes.LONG32NVARCHAR, and SqlTypes.LONG32VARBINARY are not synonyms, and implementations of this method must define sensible mappings, for example to database-native TEXT or CLOB types.
    Overrides:
    
    columnType in class AbstractTransactSQLDialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    sqlTypeCode - a SQL type code
    
    Returns:
    
    a column type name, with $l, $p, $s placeholders for length, precision, scale
    
    See Also:
    
    SqlTypes
  - castType
```
protected String castType(int sqlTypeCode)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The SQL type to use in cast( ... as ... ) expressions when casting to the target type represented by the given JDBC type code.
    
    Overrides:
    
    castType in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    sqlTypeCode - The JDBC type code representing the target type
    
    Returns:
    
    The SQL type to use in cast()
  - registerColumnTypes
```
protected void registerColumnTypes(TypeContributions typeContributions,
                                   ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Register ANSI-standard column types using the length limits defined by Dialect.getMaxVarcharLength(), Dialect.getMaxNVarcharLength(), and Dialect.getMaxVarbinaryLength().
    This method is always called when a Dialect is instantiated.
    
    Overrides:
    
    registerColumnTypes in class Dialect
  - resolveSqlTypeDescriptor
```
public JdbcType resolveSqlTypeDescriptor(String columnTypeName,
                                         int jdbcTypeCode,
                                         int precision,
                                         int scale,
                                         JdbcTypeRegistry jdbcTypeRegistry)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Assigns an appropriate JdbcType to a column of a JDBC result set based on the column type name, JDBC type code, precision, and scale.
    
    Overrides:
    
    resolveSqlTypeDescriptor in class AbstractTransactSQLDialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    columnTypeName - the column type name
    
    jdbcTypeCode - the type code
    
    precision - the precision or 0
    
    scale - the scale or 0
    
    Returns:
    
    an appropriate instance of JdbcType
  - getMaxVarcharLength
```
public int getMaxVarcharLength()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The biggest size value that can be supplied as argument to a Types.VARCHAR-like type.
    For longer column lengths, use some sort of text-like type for the column.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getMaxVarcharLength in class Dialect
  - getMaxNVarcharLength
```
public int getMaxNVarcharLength()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The biggest size value that can be supplied as argument to a Types.NVARCHAR-like type.
    For longer column lengths, use some sort of ntext-like type for the column.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getMaxNVarcharLength in class Dialect
  - getTimeZoneSupport
```
public TimeZoneSupport getTimeZoneSupport()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    How the dialect supports time zone types like Types.TIMESTAMP_WITH_TIMEZONE.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getTimeZoneSupport in class Dialect
  - getDefaultLobLength
```
public long getDefaultLobLength()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    This is the default length for a generated column of type BLOB or CLOB mapped to Blob or Clob, if LOB columns have a length in this dialect.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getDefaultLobLength in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    1048576L by default
    
    See Also:
    
    Length.LOB_DEFAULT, BlobJavaType, ClobJavaType
  - getMaxIdentifierLength
```
public int getMaxIdentifierLength()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    What is the maximum identifier length supported by this dialect?
    
    Overrides:
    
    getMaxIdentifierLength in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The maximum length.
  - contributeTypes
```
public void contributeTypes(TypeContributions typeContributions,
                            ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    A callback which allows the Dialect to contribute types.
    
    Overrides:
    
    contributeTypes in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    typeContributions - Callback to contribute the types
    
    serviceRegistry - The service registry
  - initializeFunctionRegistry
```
public void initializeFunctionRegistry(FunctionContributions functionContributions)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    Initialize the given registry with any dialect-specific functions.
    Support for certain SQL functions is required, and if the database does not support a required function, then the dialect must define a way to emulate it.
    These required functions include the functions defined by the JPA query language specification:
    
    avg(arg) - aggregate function
    count([distinct ]arg) - aggregate function
    max(arg) - aggregate function
    min(arg) - aggregate function
    sum(arg) - aggregate function
    
    coalesce(arg0, arg1, ...)
    nullif(arg0, arg1)
    
    lower(arg)
    upper(arg)
    length(arg)
    concat(arg0, arg1, ...)
    locate(pattern, string[, start])
    substring(string, start[, length])
    trim([[spec ][character ]from] string)
    
    abs(arg)
    mod(arg0, arg1)
    sqrt(arg)
    
    current date
    current time
    current timestamp
    Along with an additional set of functions defined by ANSI SQL:
    
    any(arg) - aggregate function
    every(arg) - aggregate function
    
    var_samp(arg) - aggregate function
    var_pop(arg) - aggregate function
    stddev_samp(arg) - aggregate function
    stddev_pop(arg) - aggregate function
    
    cast(arg as Type)
    extract(field from arg)
    
    ln(arg)
    exp(arg)
    power(arg0, arg1)
    floor(arg)
    ceiling(arg)
    
    position(pattern in string)
    substring(string from start[ for length])
    overlay(string placing replacement from start[ for length])
    And the following functions for working with java.time types:
    
    local date
    local time
    local datetime
    offset datetime
    instant
    And a number of additional "standard" functions:
    
    left(string, length)
    right(string, length)
    replace(string, pattern, replacement)
    pad(string with length spec[ character])
    repeat(string, times)
    
    pi
    log10(arg)
    log(base, arg)
    sign(arg)
    sin(arg)
    cos(arg)
    tan(arg)
    asin(arg)
    acos(arg)
    atan(arg)
    atan2(arg0, arg1)
    round(arg0[, arg1])
    truncate(arg0[, arg1])
    sinh(arg)
    tanh(arg)
    cosh(arg)
    least(arg0, arg1, ...)
    greatest(arg0, arg1, ...)
    degrees(arg)
    radians(arg)
    bitand(arg1, arg1)
    bitor(arg1, arg1)
    bitxor(arg1, arg1)
    
    format(datetime as pattern)
    collate(string as collation)
    str(arg) - synonym of cast(a as String)
    ifnull(arg0, arg1) - synonym of coalesce(a, b)
    Finally, the following functions are defined as abbreviations for extract(), and desugared by the parser:
    
    second(arg) - synonym of extract(second from a)
    minute(arg) - synonym of extract(minute from a)
    hour(arg) - synonym of extract(hour from a)
    day(arg) - synonym of extract(day from a)
    month(arg) - synonym of extract(month from a)
    year(arg) - synonym of extract(year from a)
    Note that according to this definition, the second() function returns a floating point value, contrary to the integer type returned by the native function with this name on many databases. Thus, we don't just naively map these HQL functions to the native SQL functions with the same names.
    Overrides:
    
    initializeFunctionRegistry in class AbstractTransactSQLDialect
  - trimPattern
```
public String trimPattern(TrimSpec specification,
                          boolean isWhitespace)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Obtain a pattern for the SQL equivalent to a trim() function call. The resulting pattern must contain a ?1 placeholder for the argument of type String and a ?2 placeholder for the trim character if isWhitespace was false.
    
    Overrides:
    
    trimPattern in class AbstractTransactSQLDialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    specification - leading, trailing or both
    
    isWhitespace - true if the trim character is a whitespace and can be omitted, false if it must be explicit and a ?2 placeholder should be included in the pattern
  - getSqlAstTranslatorFactory
```
public SqlAstTranslatorFactory getSqlAstTranslatorFactory()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Return a SqlAstTranslatorFactory specific to this dialect, or null to use the standard translator.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getSqlAstTranslatorFactory in class Dialect
    
    See Also:
    
    StandardSqlAstTranslatorFactory, JdbcEnvironment.getSqlAstTranslatorFactory()
  - getSizeStrategy
```
public Dialect.SizeStrategy getSizeStrategy()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    A custom Dialect.SizeStrategy for column types.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getSizeStrategy in class Dialect
  - castPattern
```
public String castPattern(CastType from,
                          CastType to)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Obtain a pattern for the SQL equivalent to a cast() function call. The resulting pattern must contain ?1 and ?2 placeholders for the arguments.
    
    Overrides:
    
    castPattern in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    from - a CastType indicating the type of the value argument
    
    to - a CastType indicating the type the value argument is cast to
  - currentTimestamp
```
public String currentTimestamp()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Translation of the HQL/JPQL current_timestamp function, which maps to the Java type Timestamp which is a datetime with no time zone. This contradicts ANSI SQL where current_timestamp has the type TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE.
    It is recommended to override this in dialects for databases which support localtimestamp or timestamp at local.
    
    Overrides:
    
    currentTimestamp in class Dialect
  - buildIdentifierHelper
```
public IdentifierHelper buildIdentifierHelper(IdentifierHelperBuilder builder,
                                              DatabaseMetaData dbMetaData)
                                       throws SQLException
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    The IdentifierHelper indicated by this dialect for handling identifier conversions. Returning null is allowed and indicates that Hibernate should fall back to building a "standard" helper. In the fallback path, any changes made to the IdentifierHelperBuilder during this call will still be incorporated into the built IdentifierHelper.
    The incoming builder will have the following set:
    
    IdentifierHelperBuilder.isGloballyQuoteIdentifiers()
    
    IdentifierHelperBuilder.getUnquotedCaseStrategy() - initialized to UPPER
    
    IdentifierHelperBuilder.getQuotedCaseStrategy() - initialized to MIXED
    
    By default, Hibernate will do the following:
    
    Call IdentifierHelperBuilder.applyIdentifierCasing(DatabaseMetaData)
    Call IdentifierHelperBuilder.applyReservedWords(DatabaseMetaData)
    Applies AnsiSqlKeywords.sql2003() as reserved words
    
    Applies the {#link #sqlKeywords} collected here as reserved words
    
    Applies the Dialect's NameQualifierSupport, if it defines one
    Overrides:
    
    buildIdentifierHelper in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    builder - A partially-configured IdentifierHelperBuilder.
    
    dbMetaData - Access to the metadata returned from the driver if needed and if available. WARNING: it may be null.
    
    Returns:
    
    The IdentifierHelper instance to use, or null to indicate Hibernate should use its fallback path
    
    Throws:
    
    SQLException - Accessing the DatabaseMetaData can throw it. Just rethrow and Hibernate will handle it.
    
    See Also:
    
    Dialect.getNameQualifierSupport()
  - currentTime
```
public String currentTime()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Translation of the HQL/JPQL current_time function, which maps to the Java type Time which is a time with no time zone. This contradicts ANSI SQL where current_time has the type TIME WITH TIME ZONE.
    It is recommended to override this in dialects for databases which support localtime or time at local.
    
    Overrides:
    
    currentTime in class Dialect
  - currentDate
```
public String currentDate()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Translation of the HQL/JPQL current_date function, which maps to the Java type Date, and of the HQL local_date function which maps to the Java type LocalDate.
    
    Overrides:
    
    currentDate in class Dialect
  - currentTimestampWithTimeZone
```
public String currentTimestampWithTimeZone()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Translation of the HQL offset_datetime function, which maps to the Java type OffsetDateTime which is a datetime with a time zone. This in principle correctly maps to the ANSI SQL current_timestamp which has the type TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE.
    
    Overrides:
    
    currentTimestampWithTimeZone in class Dialect
  - getNoColumnsInsertString
```
public String getNoColumnsInsertString()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The fragment used to insert a row without specifying any column values, usually just (), but sometimes default values.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getNoColumnsInsertString in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The appropriate empty values clause.
  - getLimitHandler
```
public LimitHandler getLimitHandler()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Obtain a LimitHandler that implements pagination support for Query.setMaxResults(int) and Query.setFirstResult(int).
    
    Overrides:
    
    getLimitHandler in class Dialect
  - supportsValuesList
```
public boolean supportsValuesList()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support values lists of form VALUES (1), (2), (3)?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsValuesList in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if values list are supported
  - supportsDistinctFromPredicate
```
public boolean supportsDistinctFromPredicate()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    Does this dialect support some kind of distinct from predicate?
    That is, does it support syntax like:
    ... where FIRST_NAME IS DISTINCT FROM LAST_NAME
    Overrides:
    
    supportsDistinctFromPredicate in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    True if this SQL dialect is known to support some kind of distinct from predicate; false otherwise
  - closeQuote
```
public char closeQuote()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The character specific to this dialect used to close a quoted identifier.
    
    Overrides:
    
    closeQuote in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The dialect-specific close quote character.
  - getCurrentSchemaCommand
```
public String getCurrentSchemaCommand()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the SQL command used to retrieve the current schema name.
    Works in conjunction with Dialect.getSchemaNameResolver(), unless the resulting SchemaNameResolver does not need this information. For example, a custom implementation might make use of the Java 1.7 Connection.getSchema() method.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getCurrentSchemaCommand in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The current schema retrieval SQL
  - supportsIfExistsBeforeTableName
```
public boolean supportsIfExistsBeforeTableName()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    For dropping a table, can the phrase if exists be applied before the table name?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsIfExistsBeforeTableName in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if if exists can be applied before the table name
  - supportsIfExistsBeforeConstraintName
```
public boolean supportsIfExistsBeforeConstraintName()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    For dropping a constraint with an alter table statement, can the phrase if exists be applied before the constraint name?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsIfExistsBeforeConstraintName in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if if exists can be applied before the constraint name
  - openQuote
```
public char openQuote()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The character specific to this dialect used to begin a quoted identifier.
    
    Overrides:
    
    openQuote in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The dialect-specific open quote character.
  - appendLockHint
```
public String appendLockHint(LockOptions lockOptions,
                             String tableName)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Some dialects support an alternative means to SELECT FOR UPDATE, whereby a "lock hint" is appended to the table name in the from clause.
    
    Overrides:
    
    appendLockHint in class AbstractTransactSQLDialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    lockOptions - The lock options to apply
    
    tableName - The name of the table to which to apply the lock hint.
    
    Returns:
    
    The table with any required lock hints.
  - getCurrentTimestampSelectString
```
public String getCurrentTimestampSelectString()
```
    The current_timestamp is more accurate, but only known to be supported in SQL Server 7.0 and later and Sybase not known to support it at all
    The command used to retrieve the current timestamp from the database.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getCurrentTimestampSelectString in class AbstractTransactSQLDialect
  - supportsResultSetPositionQueryMethodsOnForwardOnlyCursor
```
public boolean supportsResultSetPositionQueryMethodsOnForwardOnlyCursor()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support asking the result set its positioning information on forward-only cursors?
    Specifically, in the case of scrolling fetches, Hibernate needs to use ResultSet.isAfterLast() and ResultSet.isBeforeFirst(). Certain drivers do not allow access to these methods for forward-only cursors.
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsResultSetPositionQueryMethodsOnForwardOnlyCursor in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    True if methods like ResultSet.isAfterLast() and ResultSet.isBeforeFirst() are supported for forward only cursors; false otherwise.
  - supportsCircularCascadeDeleteConstraints
```
public boolean supportsCircularCascadeDeleteConstraints()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support definition of cascade delete constraints which can cause circular chains?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsCircularCascadeDeleteConstraints in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    True if circular cascade delete constraints are supported; false otherwise.
  - supportsLobValueChangePropagation
```
public boolean supportsLobValueChangePropagation()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    Does the dialect support propagating changes to LOB values back to the database? Talking about mutating the internal value of the locator, as opposed to supplying a new locator instance.
    
    For BLOBs, the internal value might be changed by: Blob.setBinaryStream(long), Blob.setBytes(long, byte[]), Blob.setBytes(long, byte[], int, int), or Blob.truncate(long).
    For CLOBs, the internal value might be changed by: Clob.setAsciiStream(long), Clob.setCharacterStream(long), Clob.setString(long, String), Clob.setString(long, String, int, int), or Clob.truncate(long).
    Overrides:
    
    supportsLobValueChangePropagation in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    True if the changes are propagated back to the database; false otherwise.
  - doesReadCommittedCauseWritersToBlockReaders
```
public boolean doesReadCommittedCauseWritersToBlockReaders()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    For the underlying database, is READ_COMMITTED isolation implemented by forcing readers to wait for write locks to be released?
    
    Overrides:
    
    doesReadCommittedCauseWritersToBlockReaders in class AbstractTransactSQLDialect
    
    Returns:
    
    True if writers block readers to achieve READ_COMMITTED; false otherwise.
  - doesRepeatableReadCauseReadersToBlockWriters
```
public boolean doesRepeatableReadCauseReadersToBlockWriters()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    For the underlying database, is REPEATABLE_READ isolation implemented by forcing writers to wait for read locks to be released?
    
    Overrides:
    
    doesRepeatableReadCauseReadersToBlockWriters in class AbstractTransactSQLDialect
    
    Returns:
    
    True if readers block writers to achieve REPEATABLE_READ; false otherwise.
  - getInExpressionCountLimit
```
public int getInExpressionCountLimit()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Return the limit that the underlying database places on the number of elements in an IN predicate. If the database defines no such limits, simply return zero or a number smaller than zero.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getInExpressionCountLimit in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The limit, or a non-positive integer to indicate no limit.
  - getIdentityColumnSupport
```
public IdentityColumnSupport getIdentityColumnSupport()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the appropriate IdentityColumnSupport for this dialect.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getIdentityColumnSupport in class AbstractTransactSQLDialect
    
    Returns:
    
    the IdentityColumnSupport
  - supportsNonQueryWithCTE
```
public boolean supportsNonQueryWithCTE()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support insert, update, and delete statements with Common Table Expressions (CTEs)?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsNonQueryWithCTE in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if non-query statements are supported with CTE
  - supportsSkipLocked
```
public boolean supportsSkipLocked()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support SKIP_LOCKED timeout.
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsSkipLocked in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if SKIP_LOCKED is supported
  - supportsNoWait
```
public boolean supportsNoWait()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support NO_WAIT timeout.
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsNoWait in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if NO_WAIT is supported
  - supportsWait
```
public boolean supportsWait()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support WAIT timeout.
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsWait in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if WAIT is supported
  - getSequenceSupport
```
public SequenceSupport getSequenceSupport()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the appropriate SequenceSupport for this dialect.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getSequenceSupport in class Dialect
  - getQuerySequencesString
```
public String getQuerySequencesString()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the select command used retrieve the names of all sequences.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getQuerySequencesString in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The select command; or null if sequences are not supported.
  - getQueryHintString
```
public String getQueryHintString(String sql,
                                 String hints)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Apply a hint to the given SQL query.
    The entire query is provided, allowing full control over the placement and syntax of the hint.
    By default, ignore the hint and simply return the query.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getQueryHintString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    sql - The query to which to apply the hint.
    
    hints - The hints to apply
    
    Returns:
    
    The modified SQL
  - supportsNullPrecedence
```
public boolean supportsNullPrecedence()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support nulls first and nulls last?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsNullPrecedence in class Dialect
  - supportsOffsetInSubquery
```
public boolean supportsOffsetInSubquery()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    Does this dialect support offset in subqueries?
    For example:
    select * from Table1 where col1 in (select col1 from Table2 order by col2 limit 1 offset 1)
    Overrides:
    
    supportsOffsetInSubquery in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if it does
  - supportsWindowFunctions
```
public boolean supportsWindowFunctions()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support window functions like row_number() over (..)?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsWindowFunctions in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the underlying database supports window functions, false otherwise. The default is false.
  - supportsLateral
```
public boolean supportsLateral()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support the SQL lateral keyword or a proprietary alternative?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsLateral in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the underlying database supports lateral, false otherwise. The default is false.
  - supportsRecursiveCTE
```
public boolean supportsRecursiveCTE()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect/database support recursive CTEs?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsRecursiveCTE in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if recursive CTEs are supported
  - supportsFetchClause
```
public boolean supportsFetchClause(FetchClauseType type)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support the given FETCH clause type.
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsFetchClause in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    type - The fetch clause type
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the underlying database supports the given fetch clause type, false otherwise. The default is false.
  - getViolatedConstraintNameExtractor
```
public ViolatedConstraintNameExtractor getViolatedConstraintNameExtractor()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    A ViolatedConstraintNameExtractor for extracting the name of a violated constraint from a SQLException.
    
    Specified by:
    
    getViolatedConstraintNameExtractor in interface ConversionContext
    
    Overrides:
    
    getViolatedConstraintNameExtractor in class Dialect
  - buildSQLExceptionConversionDelegate
```
public SQLExceptionConversionDelegate buildSQLExceptionConversionDelegate()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    An instance of SQLExceptionConversionDelegate for interpreting dialect-specific error or SQLState codes.
    If this method is overridden to return a non-null value, the default SQLExceptionConverter will use the returned SQLExceptionConversionDelegate in addition to the following standard delegates:
    
    a "static" delegate based on the JDBC4-defined SQLException hierarchy, and
    a delegate that interprets SQLState codes as either X/Open or SQL-2003 codes, depending on what is reported by the JDBC driver.
    
    It is strongly recommended that every Dialect implementation override this method, since interpretation of a SQL error is much more accurate when based on the vendor-specific error code, rather than on the SQLState.
    Overrides:
    
    buildSQLExceptionConversionDelegate in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The SQLExceptionConversionDelegate for this dialect
  - getDefaultTimestampPrecision
```
public int getDefaultTimestampPrecision()
```
    SQL server supports up to 7 decimal digits of fractional second precision in a datetime2, but since its duration arithmetic functions try to fit durations into an int, which is impossible with such high precision, so default to generating datetime2(3) columns.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getDefaultTimestampPrecision in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    the default precision, in decimal digits, of the fractional seconds field
    
    See Also:
    
    JdbcTimestampJavaType, LocalDateTimeJavaType, OffsetDateTimeJavaType, ZonedDateTimeJavaType, InstantJavaType
  - getFractionalSecondPrecisionInNanos
```
public long getFractionalSecondPrecisionInNanos()
```
    Even though SQL Server only supports 1/10th microsecond precision, we use nanosecond as the "native" precision for datetime arithmetic since it simplifies calculations.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getFractionalSecondPrecisionInNanos in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    the precision, specified as a quantity of nanoseconds
    
    See Also:
    
    TemporalUnit.NATIVE
  - extractPattern
```
public String extractPattern(TemporalUnit unit)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Obtain a pattern for the SQL equivalent to an extract() function call. The resulting pattern must contain ?1 and ?2 placeholders for the arguments.
    This method does not need to handle TemporalUnit.NANOSECOND, TemporalUnit.NATIVE, TemporalUnit.OFFSET, TemporalUnit.DATE, TemporalUnit.TIME, TemporalUnit.WEEK_OF_YEAR, or TemporalUnit.WEEK_OF_MONTH, which are already desugared by ExtractFunction.
    
    Overrides:
    
    extractPattern in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    unit - the first argument
  - timestampaddPattern
```
public String timestampaddPattern(TemporalUnit unit,
                                  TemporalType temporalType,
                                  IntervalType intervalType)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Obtain a pattern for the SQL equivalent to a timestampadd() function call. The resulting pattern must contain ?1, ?2, and ?3 placeholders for the arguments.
    
    Overrides:
    
    timestampaddPattern in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    unit - The unit to add to the temporal
    
    temporalType - The type of the temporal
    
    intervalType - The type of interval to add or null if it's not a native interval
  - timestampdiffPattern
```
public String timestampdiffPattern(TemporalUnit unit,
                                   TemporalType fromTemporalType,
                                   TemporalType toTemporalType)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Obtain a pattern for the SQL equivalent to a timestampdiff() function call. The resulting pattern must contain ?1, ?2, and ?3 placeholders for the arguments.
    
    Overrides:
    
    timestampdiffPattern in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    unit - the first argument
    
    fromTemporalType - true if the first argument is a timestamp, false if a date
    
    toTemporalType - true if the second argument is
  - translateDurationField
```
public String translateDurationField(TemporalUnit unit)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Return the name used to identify the given unit of duration as an argument to #timestampadd() or #timestampdiff(), or of this dialect's equivalent functions.
    This method does not need to handle TemporalUnit.NANOSECOND, TemporalUnit.NATIVE, TemporalUnit.OFFSET, TemporalUnit.DAY_OF_WEEK, TemporalUnit.DAY_OF_MONTH, TemporalUnit.DAY_OF_YEAR, TemporalUnit.DATE, TemporalUnit.TIME, TemporalUnit.TIMEZONE_HOUR, TemporalUnit.TIMEZONE_MINUTE, TemporalUnit.WEEK_OF_YEAR, nor TemporalUnit.WEEK_OF_MONTH, which are not units of duration.
    
    Overrides:
    
    translateDurationField in class Dialect
  - translateExtractField
```
public String translateExtractField(TemporalUnit unit)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Return the name used to identify the given field as an argument to the extract() function, or of this dialect's equivalent function.
    This method does not need to handle TemporalUnit.NANOSECOND, TemporalUnit.NATIVE, TemporalUnit.OFFSET, TemporalUnit.DATE, TemporalUnit.TIME, TemporalUnit.WEEK_OF_YEAR, nor TemporalUnit.WEEK_OF_MONTH, which are already desugared by ExtractFunction.
    
    Overrides:
    
    translateExtractField in class Dialect
  - appendDatetimeFormat
```
public void appendDatetimeFormat(SqlAppender appender,
                                 String format)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    Translate the given datetime format string from the pattern language defined by Java's DateTimeFormatter to whatever pattern language is understood by the native datetime formatting function for this database (often the to_char() function).
    Since it's never possible to translate every pattern letter sequences understood by DateTimeFormatter, only the following subset of pattern letters is accepted by Hibernate:
    
    G: era
    
    y: year of era
    
    Y: year of week-based year
    
    M: month of year
    
    w: week of week-based year (ISO week number)
    
    W: week of month
    
    E: day of week (name)
    
    e: day of week (number)
    
    d: day of month
    
    D: day of year
    
    a: AM/PM
    
    H: hour of day (24 hour time)
    
    h: hour of AM/PM (12 hour time)
    
    m: minutes
    
    s: seconds
    
    z,Z,x: timezone offset
    
    In addition, punctuation characters and single-quoted literal strings are accepted.
    Appends a pattern accepted by the function that formats dates and times in this dialect to a SQL fragment that is being constructed.
    Overrides:
    
    appendDatetimeFormat in class Dialect
  - datetimeFormat
```
public static Replacer datetimeFormat(String format)
```
  - appendBinaryLiteral
```
public void appendBinaryLiteral(SqlAppender appender,
                                byte[] bytes)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Append a binary literal to the given SqlAppender.
    
    Overrides:
    
    appendBinaryLiteral in class AbstractTransactSQLDialect
  - appendUUIDLiteral
```
public void appendUUIDLiteral(SqlAppender appender,
                              UUID literal)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Append a literal SQL uuid representing the given Java UUID.
    This is usually a cast() expression, but it might be a function call.
    
    Overrides:
    
    appendUUIDLiteral in class Dialect
  - appendDateTimeLiteral
```
public void appendDateTimeLiteral(SqlAppender appender,
                                  TemporalAccessor temporalAccessor,
                                  TemporalType precision,
                                  TimeZone jdbcTimeZone)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Append a datetime literal representing the given java.time value to the given SqlAppender.
    
    Overrides:
    
    appendDateTimeLiteral in class Dialect
  - appendDateTimeLiteral
```
public void appendDateTimeLiteral(SqlAppender appender,
                                  Date date,
                                  TemporalType precision,
                                  TimeZone jdbcTimeZone)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Append a datetime literal representing the given Date value to the given SqlAppender.
    
    Overrides:
    
    appendDateTimeLiteral in class Dialect
  - appendDateTimeLiteral
```
public void appendDateTimeLiteral(SqlAppender appender,
                                  Calendar calendar,
                                  TemporalType precision,
                                  TimeZone jdbcTimeZone)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Append a datetime literal representing the given Calendar value to the given SqlAppender.
    
    Overrides:
    
    appendDateTimeLiteral in class Dialect
  - getCreateTemporaryTableColumnAnnotation
```
public String getCreateTemporaryTableColumnAnnotation(int sqlTypeCode)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Annotation to be appended to the end of each COLUMN clause for temporary tables.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getCreateTemporaryTableColumnAnnotation in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    sqlTypeCode - The SQL type code
    
    Returns:
    
    The annotation to be appended, for example, COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT in SQL Server
  - getDropSchemaCommand
```
public String[] getDropSchemaCommand(String schemaName)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the SQL command used to drop the named schema.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getDropSchemaCommand in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    schemaName - The name of the schema to be dropped.
    
    Returns:
    
    The drop commands
  - getCreateIndexString
```
public String getCreateIndexString(boolean unique)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The command used to create an index, usually create index or create unique index.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getCreateIndexString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    unique - true if the index is a unique index
    
    Returns:
    
    The command used to create an index.
  - getCreateIndexTail
```
public String getCreateIndexTail(boolean unique,
                                 List<Column> columns)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    A string to be appended to the end of the create index command, usually to specify that null values are to be considered distinct.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getCreateIndexTail in class Dialect
  - getAlterColumnTypeString
```
public String getAlterColumnTypeString(String columnName,
                                       String columnType,
                                       String columnDefinition)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The fragment of an alter table command which modifies a column type, or null if column types cannot be modified. Often alter column col_name set data type col_type.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getAlterColumnTypeString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    columnName - the name of the column
    
    columnType - the new type of the column
    
    columnDefinition - the full column definition
    
    Returns:
    
    a fragment to be appended to alter table
  - supportsAlterColumnType
```
public boolean supportsAlterColumnType()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support modifying the type of an existing column?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsAlterColumnType in class Dialect
  - getNameQualifierSupport
```
public NameQualifierSupport getNameQualifierSupport()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The support for qualified identifiers.
    By default, decide based on DatabaseMetaData.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getNameQualifierSupport in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The NameQualifierSupport, or null to use DatabaseMetaData.
  - getUniqueDelegate
```
public UniqueDelegate getUniqueDelegate()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the UniqueDelegate supported by this dialect
    
    Overrides:
    
    getUniqueDelegate in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The UniqueDelegate
  - getSequenceExporter
```
public Exporter<Sequence> getSequenceExporter()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get an Exporter for Sequences, usually StandardSequenceExporter.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getSequenceExporter in class Dialect
  - generatedAs
```
public String generatedAs(String generatedAs)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The generated as clause, or similar, for generated column declarations in DDL statements.
    
    Overrides:
    
    generatedAs in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    generatedAs - a SQL expression used to generate the column value
    
    Returns:
    
    The generated as clause containing the given expression
  - hasDataTypeBeforeGeneratedAs
```
public boolean hasDataTypeBeforeGeneratedAs()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Is an explicit column type required for generated as columns?
    
    Overrides:
    
    hasDataTypeBeforeGeneratedAs in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if an explicit type is required
  - createOptionalTableUpdateOperation
```
public MutationOperation createOptionalTableUpdateOperation(EntityMutationTarget mutationTarget,
                                                            OptionalTableUpdate optionalTableUpdate,
                                                            SessionFactoryImplementor factory)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Create a MutationOperation for a updating an optional table
    
    Overrides:
    
    createOptionalTableUpdateOperation in class Dialect
  - getDmlTargetColumnQualifierSupport
```
public DmlTargetColumnQualifierSupport getDmlTargetColumnQualifierSupport()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the minimum DmlTargetColumnQualifierSupport required by this dialect.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getDmlTargetColumnQualifierSupport in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    the column qualifier support required by this dialect
  - supportsFromClauseInUpdate
```
public boolean supportsFromClauseInUpdate()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support the from clause for update statements?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsFromClauseInUpdate in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if from clause is supported
  - getCallableStatementSupport
```
public CallableStatementSupport getCallableStatementSupport()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The CallableStatementSupport for this database. Does this database support returning cursors?
    
    Overrides:
    
    getCallableStatementSupport in class Dialect

Constructor	Description
`SQLServerDialect()`
`SQLServerDialect(DatabaseVersion version)`
`SQLServerDialect(DialectResolutionInfo info)`

Class SQLServerDialect

Nested Class Summary

Nested classes/interfaces inherited from class org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect

Field Summary

Fields inherited from class org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect

Constructor Summary

Method Summary

Methods inherited from class org.hibernate.dialect.AbstractTransactSQLDialect

Methods inherited from class org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

Constructor Detail

SQLServerDialect

SQLServerDialect

SQLServerDialect

Method Detail

getMinimumSupportedVersion

registerDefaultKeywords

columnType

castType

registerColumnTypes

resolveSqlTypeDescriptor

getMaxVarcharLength

getMaxNVarcharLength

getTimeZoneSupport

getDefaultLobLength

getMaxIdentifierLength

contributeTypes

initializeFunctionRegistry

trimPattern

getSqlAstTranslatorFactory

getSizeStrategy

castPattern

currentTimestamp

buildIdentifierHelper

currentTime

currentDate

currentTimestampWithTimeZone

getNoColumnsInsertString

getLimitHandler

supportsValuesList

supportsDistinctFromPredicate

closeQuote

getCurrentSchemaCommand

supportsIfExistsBeforeTableName

supportsIfExistsBeforeConstraintName

openQuote

appendLockHint

getCurrentTimestampSelectString

supportsResultSetPositionQueryMethodsOnForwardOnlyCursor

supportsCircularCascadeDeleteConstraints

supportsLobValueChangePropagation

doesReadCommittedCauseWritersToBlockReaders

doesRepeatableReadCauseReadersToBlockWriters

getInExpressionCountLimit

getIdentityColumnSupport

supportsNonQueryWithCTE

supportsSkipLocked

supportsNoWait

supportsWait

getSequenceSupport

getQuerySequencesString

getQueryHintString

supportsNullPrecedence

supportsOffsetInSubquery

supportsWindowFunctions

supportsLateral

supportsRecursiveCTE

supportsFetchClause

getViolatedConstraintNameExtractor

buildSQLExceptionConversionDelegate

getDefaultTimestampPrecision

getFractionalSecondPrecisionInNanos

extractPattern

timestampaddPattern

timestampdiffPattern

translateDurationField

translateExtractField

appendDatetimeFormat

datetimeFormat

appendBinaryLiteral