java.lang.Object
- org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect
- - org.hibernate.dialect.SpannerDialect

All Implemented Interfaces:

FunctionContributor, TypeContributor, ConversionContext
```
public class SpannerDialect
extends Dialect
```
A SQL dialect for Cloud Spanner.

Nested Class Summary
- Nested classes/interfaces inherited from class org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect
  Dialect.SizeStrategy, Dialect.SizeStrategyImpl

Field Summary
- Fields inherited from class org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect
  CLOSED_QUOTE, FALSE_STRING_VALUES, LEGACY_LOB_MERGE_STRATEGY, LOG_BASE2OF10, NEW_LOCATOR_LOB_MERGE_STRATEGY, QUOTE, STANDARD_MULTI_KEY_LOAD_SIZING_STRATEGY, STREAM_XFER_LOB_MERGE_STRATEGY, TRUE_STRING_VALUES

Constructor Summary

Constructors
Constructor Description

SpannerDialect()

SpannerDialect(DialectResolutionInfo info)

Method Summary

All Methods Static Methods Instance Methods Concrete Methods
Modifier and Type	Method	Description
`void`	`appendBooleanValueString(SqlAppender appender, boolean bool)`	Append the SQL literal expression representing the given boolean value to the given `SqlAppender`.
`void`	`appendDatetimeFormat(SqlAppender appender, String format)`	Translate the given datetime format string from the pattern language defined by Java's `DateTimeFormatter` to whatever pattern language is understood by the native datetime formatting function for this database (often the `to_char()` function).
`String`	`applyLocksToSql(String sql, LockOptions aliasedLockOptions, Map<String,String[]> keyColumnNames)`	Modifies the given SQL, applying the appropriate updates for the specified lock modes and key columns.
`boolean`	`canCreateSchema()`	Does this dialect support creating and dropping schema?
`protected String`	`castType(int sqlTypeCode)`	The SQL type to use in `cast( ... as ... )` expressions when casting to the target type represented by the given JDBC type code.
`char`	`closeQuote()`	The character specific to this dialect used to close a quoted identifier.
`protected String`	`columnType(int sqlTypeCode)`	The database column type name for a given JDBC type code defined in `Types` or `SqlTypes`.
`static Replacer`	`datetimeFormat(String format)`
`boolean`	`dropConstraints()`	Do we need to drop constraints before dropping tables in this dialect?
`String`	`getAddForeignKeyConstraintString(String constraintName, String foreignKeyDefinition)`	The syntax used to add a foreign key constraint to a table, given the definition of the foreign key as a string.
`String`	`getAddForeignKeyConstraintString(String constraintName, String[] foreignKey, String referencedTable, String[] primaryKey, boolean referencesPrimaryKey)`	The syntax used to add a foreign key constraint to a table, with the referenced key columns explicitly specified.
`String`	`getAddPrimaryKeyConstraintString(String constraintName)`	The syntax used to add a primary key constraint to a table.
`String`	`getArrayTypeName(String javaElementTypeName, String elementTypeName, Integer maxLength)`	The SQL type name for the array type with elements of the given type name.
`String[]`	`getCreateSchemaCommand(String schemaName)`	Get the SQL command used to create the named schema.
`String`	`getCurrentSchemaCommand()`	Get the SQL command used to retrieve the current schema name.
`String`	`getCurrentTimestampSelectString()`	The command used to retrieve the current timestamp from the database.
`String`	`getDropForeignKeyString()`	The subcommand of the `alter table` command used to drop a foreign key constraint, usually `drop constraint`.
`String[]`	`getDropSchemaCommand(String schemaName)`	Get the SQL command used to drop the named schema.
`Exporter<ForeignKey>`	`getForeignKeyExporter()`	Get an `Exporter` for `ForeignKey`s, usually `StandardForeignKeyExporter`.
`String`	`getForUpdateNowaitString()`	Retrieves the `FOR UPDATE NOWAIT` syntax specific to this dialect.
`String`	`getForUpdateNowaitString(String aliases)`	Get the `FOR UPDATE OF column_list NOWAIT` fragment appropriate for this dialect, given the aliases of the columns to be write locked.
`String`	`getForUpdateSkipLockedString()`	Retrieves the `FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED` syntax specific to this dialect.
`String`	`getForUpdateSkipLockedString(String aliases)`	Get the `FOR UPDATE OF column_list SKIP LOCKED` fragment appropriate for this dialect, given the aliases of the columns to be write locked.
`String`	`getForUpdateString()`	Get the string to append to `SELECT` statements to acquire pessimistic UPGRADE locks for this dialect.
`String`	`getForUpdateString(String aliases)`	Get the `FOR UPDATE OF column_list` fragment appropriate for this dialect, given the aliases of the columns to be write locked.
`String`	`getForUpdateString(String aliases, LockOptions lockOptions)`	Get the `FOR UPDATE OF` or `FOR SHARE OF` fragment appropriate for this dialect, given the aliases of the columns to be locked.
`String`	`getForUpdateString(LockOptions lockOptions)`	Given a set of `LockOptions` (lock level, timeout), determine the appropriate `for update` fragment to use to obtain the lock.
`LimitHandler`	`getLimitHandler()`	Obtain a `LimitHandler` that implements pagination support for `Query.setMaxResults(int)` and `Query.setFirstResult(int)`.
`LockingStrategy`	`getLockingStrategy(Lockable lockable, LockMode lockMode)`	A `LockingStrategy` which is able to acquire a database-level lock with the specified level.
`int`	`getMaxVarbinaryLength()`	The biggest size value that can be supplied as argument to a `Types.VARBINARY`-like type.
`int`	`getMaxVarcharLength()`	The biggest size value that can be supplied as argument to a `Types.VARCHAR`-like type.
`String`	`getReadLockString(int timeout)`	Get the string to append to `SELECT` statements to acquire READ locks for this dialect.
`String`	`getReadLockString(String aliases, int timeout)`	Get the string to append to `SELECT` statements to acquire READ locks for this dialect, given the aliases of the columns to be read locked.
`SchemaNameResolver`	`getSchemaNameResolver()`	Get the strategy for determining the schema name from a JDBC `Connection`, usually `DefaultSchemaNameResolver`.
`Exporter<Sequence>`	`getSequenceExporter()`	Get an `Exporter` for `Sequence`s, usually `StandardSequenceExporter`.
`SqlAstTranslatorFactory`	`getSqlAstTranslatorFactory()`	Return a `SqlAstTranslatorFactory` specific to this dialect, or `null` to use the standard translator.
`Exporter<Table>`	`getTableExporter()`	Get an `Exporter` for `Table`s, usually `StandardTableExporter`.
`UniqueDelegate`	`getUniqueDelegate()`	Get the `UniqueDelegate` supported by this dialect
`Exporter<Constraint>`	`getUniqueKeyExporter()`	Get an `Exporter` for unique key `Constraint`s, usually `StandardUniqueKeyExporter`.
`String`	`getWriteLockString(int timeout)`	Get the string to append to `SELECT` statements to acquire pessimistic WRITE locks for this dialect.
`String`	`getWriteLockString(String aliases, int timeout)`	Get the string to append to `SELECT` statements to acquire WRITE locks for this dialect, given the aliases of the columns to be write locked.
`void`	`initializeFunctionRegistry(FunctionContributions functionContributions)`	Initialize the given registry with any dialect-specific functions.
`boolean`	`isCurrentTimestampSelectStringCallable()`	Is the command returned by `Dialect.getCurrentTimestampSelectString()` treated as callable?
`char`	`openQuote()`	The character specific to this dialect used to begin a quoted identifier.
`boolean`	`qualifyIndexName()`	Do we need to qualify index names with the schema name?
`boolean`	`supportsCascadeDelete()`	Does this dialect support `on delete` actions in foreign key definitions?
`boolean`	`supportsCircularCascadeDeleteConstraints()`	Does this dialect support definition of cascade delete constraints which can cause circular chains?
`boolean`	`supportsCurrentTimestampSelection()`	Does this dialect support some way to retrieve the current timestamp value from the database?
`boolean`	`supportsLockTimeouts()`	Does this dialect support specifying timeouts when requesting locks.
`boolean`	`supportsOffsetInSubquery()`	Does this dialect support `offset` in subqueries?
`boolean`	`supportsOuterJoinForUpdate()`	Does this dialect support `FOR UPDATE` in conjunction with outer-joined rows?
`boolean`	`supportsStandardArrays()`	Does this database have native support for ANSI SQL standard arrays which are expressed in terms of the element type name: `integer array`.
`String`	`timestampaddPattern(TemporalUnit unit, TemporalType temporalType, IntervalType intervalType)`	Obtain a pattern for the SQL equivalent to a `timestampadd()` function call.
`String`	`timestampdiffPattern(TemporalUnit unit, TemporalType fromTemporalType, TemporalType toTemporalType)`	Obtain a pattern for the SQL equivalent to a `timestampdiff()` function call.
`String`	`translateExtractField(TemporalUnit unit)`	Return the name used to identify the given field as an argument to the `extract()` function, or of this dialect's equivalent function.

Methods inherited from class org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect
addSqlHintOrComment, appendArrayLiteral, appendBinaryLiteral, appendDateTimeLiteral, appendDateTimeLiteral, appendDateTimeLiteral, appendIntervalLiteral, appendLiteral, appendLockHint, appendUUIDLiteral, augmentPhysicalTableTypes, augmentRecognizedTableTypes, buildIdentifierHelper, buildSQLExceptionConversionDelegate, buildStringToBooleanCast, buildStringToBooleanCastDecode, buildStringToBooleanDecode, canBatchTruncate, canCreateCatalog, canDisableConstraints, castPattern, checkVersion, contribute, contributeFunctions, contributeTypes, createOptionalTableUpdateOperation, currentDate, currentLocalTime, currentLocalTimestamp, currentTime, currentTimestamp, currentTimestampWithTimeZone, defaultScrollMode, doesReadCommittedCauseWritersToBlockReaders, doesRepeatableReadCauseReadersToBlockWriters, doesRoundTemporalOnOverflow, equivalentTypes, escapeComment, extractPattern, forceLobAsLastValue, generatedAs, getAddColumnString, getAddColumnSuffixString, getAggregateSupport, getAlterColumnTypeString, getAlterTableString, getAuxiliaryDatabaseObjectExporter, getBatchLoadSizingStrategy, getBeforeDropStatement, getCallableStatementSupport, getCascadeConstraintsString, getCaseInsensitiveLike, getCheckCondition, getCheckCondition, getCheckCondition, getCheckCondition, getCheckCondition, getColumnAliasExtractor, getColumnComment, getCreateCatalogCommand, getCreateEnumTypeCommand, getCreateEnumTypeCommand, getCreateIndexString, getCreateIndexTail, getCreateMultisetTableString, getCreateTableString, getCreateTemporaryTableColumnAnnotation, getCreateUserDefinedTypeExtensionsString, getCreateUserDefinedTypeKindString, getCrossReferenceParentTableFilter, getDefaultDecimalPrecision, getDefaultIntervalSecondScale, getDefaultLobLength, getDefaultNonContextualLobCreation, getDefaultProperties, getDefaultStatementBatchSize, getDefaultTimestampPrecision, getDefaultUseGetGeneratedKeys, getDisableConstraintsStatement, getDisableConstraintStatement, getDmlTargetColumnQualifierSupport, getDoublePrecision, getDropCatalogCommand, getDropEnumTypeCommand, getDropEnumTypeCommand, getDropTableString, getDropUniqueKeyString, getDual, getEnableConstraintsStatement, getEnableConstraintStatement, getEnumTypeDeclaration, getEnumTypeDeclaration, getFallbackSchemaManagementTool, getFallbackSqmInsertStrategy, getFallbackSqmMutationStrategy, getFloatPrecision, getForUpdateString, getFractionalSecondPrecisionInNanos, getFromDualForSelectOnly, getFunctionalDependencyAnalysisSupport, getGroupBySelectItemReferenceStrategy, getHqlTranslator, getIdentityColumnSupport, getIndexExporter, getInExpressionCountLimit, getKeywords, getLobMergeStrategy, getLockRowIdentifier, getLowercaseFunction, getMaxAliasLength, getMaxIdentifierLength, getMaxNVarcharCapacity, getMaxNVarcharLength, getMaxVarbinaryCapacity, getMaxVarcharCapacity, getMinimumSupportedVersion, getMultiKeyLoadSizingStrategy, getNameQualifierSupport, getNationalizationSupport, getNativeIdentifierGeneratorStrategy, getNativeParameterMarkerStrategy, getNoColumnsInsertString, getNullColumnString, getNullColumnString, getNullOrdering, getParameterCountLimit, getPreferredSqlTypeCodeForArray, getPreferredSqlTypeCodeForBoolean, getQueryHintString, getQueryHintString, getQuerySequencesString, getReadRowLockStrategy, getResultSet, getResultSet, getResultSet, getRowIdColumnString, getSelectClauseNullString, getSelectGUIDString, getSequenceInformationExtractor, getSequenceSupport, getSizeStrategy, getSqmTranslatorFactory, getSupportedTemporaryTableKind, getTableCleaner, getTableComment, getTableMigrator, getTableTypeString, getTemporaryTableAfterUseAction, getTemporaryTableBeforeUseAction, getTemporaryTableCreateCommand, getTemporaryTableCreateOptions, getTemporaryTableDdlTransactionHandling, getTemporaryTableDropCommand, getTemporaryTableExporter, getTemporaryTableTruncateCommand, getTimeoutInSeconds, getTimeZoneSupport, getTruncateTableStatement, getTruncateTableStatements, getUserDefinedTypeComment, getUserDefinedTypeExporter, getVersion, getViolatedConstraintNameExtractor, getWriteRowLockStrategy, hasAlterTable, hasDataTypeBeforeGeneratedAs, hasSelfReferentialForeignKeyBug, initDefaultProperties, inlineLiteral, isAnsiNullOn, isEmptyStringTreatedAsNull, isJdbcLogWarningsEnabledByDefault, isLob, isLockTimeoutParameterized, ordinal, prependComment, quote, quoteCollation, registerColumnTypes, registerDefaultKeywords, registerKeyword, registerKeywords, registerResultSetOutParameter, registerResultSetOutParameter, requiresCastForConcatenatingNonStrings, requiresFloatCastingOfIntegerDivision, requiresParensForTupleCounts, requiresParensForTupleDistinctCounts, resolveSqlTypeCode, resolveSqlTypeCode, resolveSqlTypeDescriptor, resolveSqlTypeLength, rowId, rowIdSqlType, supportsAlterColumnType, supportsBatchUpdates, supportsBindAsCallableArgument, supportsBitType, supportsCaseInsensitiveLike, supportsColumnCheck, supportsCommentOn, supportsConflictClauseForInsertCTE, supportsDistinctFromPredicate, supportsExistsInSelect, supportsExpectedLobUsagePattern, supportsFetchClause, supportsFractionalTimestampArithmetic, supportsFromClauseInUpdate, supportsIfExistsAfterAlterTable, supportsIfExistsAfterConstraintName, supportsIfExistsAfterTableName, supportsIfExistsAfterTypeName, supportsIfExistsBeforeConstraintName, supportsIfExistsBeforeTableName, supportsIfExistsBeforeTypeName, supportsInsertReturning, supportsInsertReturningGeneratedKeys, supportsInsertReturningRowId, supportsIsTrue, supportsJdbcConnectionLobCreation, supportsLateral, supportsLobValueChangePropagation, supportsMaterializedLobAccess, supportsNamedParameters, supportsNationalizedMethods, supportsNoColumnsInsert, supportsNonQueryWithCTE, supportsNoWait, supportsNullPrecedence, supportsOrderByInSubquery, supportsOrdinalSelectItemReference, supportsParametersInInsertSelect, supportsPartitionBy, supportsPredicateAsExpression, supportsRecursiveCTE, supportsRefCursors, supportsResultSetPositionQueryMethodsOnForwardOnlyCursor, supportsSkipLocked, supportsStandardCurrentTimestampFunction, supportsSubqueryInSelect, supportsSubqueryOnMutatingTable, supportsSubselectAsInPredicateLHS, supportsTableCheck, supportsTemporalLiteralOffset, supportsTemporaryTablePrimaryKey, supportsTemporaryTables, supportsTruncateWithCast, supportsTupleCounts, supportsTupleDistinctCounts, supportsUnboundedLobLocatorMaterialization, supportsUnionAll, supportsUnionInSubquery, supportsUpdateReturning, supportsValuesList, supportsValuesListForInsert, supportsWait, supportsWindowFunctions, toBooleanValueString, toQuotedIdentifier, toString, transformSelectString, translateDurationField, trimPattern, trimPattern, unquoteGetGeneratedKeys, useArrayForMultiValuedParameters, useConnectionToCreateLob, useCrossReferenceForeignKeys, useFollowOnLocking, useInputStreamToInsertBlob, useMaterializedLobWhenCapacityExceeded

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

- Constructor Detail
  - SpannerDialect
```
public SpannerDialect()
```
  - SpannerDialect
```
public SpannerDialect(DialectResolutionInfo info)
```
- Method Detail
  - columnType
```
protected String columnType(int sqlTypeCode)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    The database column type name for a given JDBC type code defined in Types or SqlTypes. This default implementation returns the ANSI-standard type name.
    This method may be overridden by concrete Dialects as an alternative to Dialect.registerColumnTypes(TypeContributions, ServiceRegistry) for simple registrations.
    Note that:
    
    Implementations of this method are expected to define a sensible mapping forTypes.NCLOB Types.NCHAR, and Types.NVARCHAR. On some database, these types are simply remapped to CLOB, CHAR, and VARCHAR.
    Mappings for Types.TIMESTAMP and Types.TIMESTAMP_WITH_TIMEZONE should support explicit specification of precision if possible.
    As specified by DdlTypeRegistry.getDescriptor(int), this method never receives Types.LONGVARCHAR, Types.LONGNVARCHAR, nor Types.LONGVARBINARY, which are considered synonyms for their non-LONG counterparts.
    On the other hand, the types SqlTypes.LONG32VARCHAR, SqlTypes.LONG32NVARCHAR, and SqlTypes.LONG32VARBINARY are not synonyms, and implementations of this method must define sensible mappings, for example to database-native TEXT or CLOB types.
    Overrides:
    
    columnType in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    sqlTypeCode - a SQL type code
    
    Returns:
    
    a column type name, with $l, $p, $s placeholders for length, precision, scale
    
    See Also:
    
    SqlTypes
  - castType
```
protected String castType(int sqlTypeCode)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The SQL type to use in cast( ... as ... ) expressions when casting to the target type represented by the given JDBC type code.
    
    Overrides:
    
    castType in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    sqlTypeCode - The JDBC type code representing the target type
    
    Returns:
    
    The SQL type to use in cast()
  - getMaxVarcharLength
```
public int getMaxVarcharLength()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The biggest size value that can be supplied as argument to a Types.VARCHAR-like type.
    For longer column lengths, use some sort of text-like type for the column.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getMaxVarcharLength in class Dialect
  - getMaxVarbinaryLength
```
public int getMaxVarbinaryLength()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The biggest size value that can be supplied as argument to a Types.VARBINARY-like type.
    For longer column lengths, use some sort of image-like type for the column.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getMaxVarbinaryLength in class Dialect
  - supportsStandardArrays
```
public boolean supportsStandardArrays()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this database have native support for ANSI SQL standard arrays which are expressed in terms of the element type name: integer array.
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsStandardArrays in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    boolean
  - getArrayTypeName
```
public String getArrayTypeName(String javaElementTypeName,
                               String elementTypeName,
                               Integer maxLength)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The SQL type name for the array type with elements of the given type name.
    The ANSI-standard syntax is integer array.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getArrayTypeName in class Dialect
  - initializeFunctionRegistry
```
public void initializeFunctionRegistry(FunctionContributions functionContributions)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    Initialize the given registry with any dialect-specific functions.
    Support for certain SQL functions is required, and if the database does not support a required function, then the dialect must define a way to emulate it.
    These required functions include the functions defined by the JPA query language specification:
    
    avg(arg) - aggregate function
    count([distinct ]arg) - aggregate function
    max(arg) - aggregate function
    min(arg) - aggregate function
    sum(arg) - aggregate function
    
    coalesce(arg0, arg1, ...)
    nullif(arg0, arg1)
    
    lower(arg)
    upper(arg)
    length(arg)
    concat(arg0, arg1, ...)
    locate(pattern, string[, start])
    substring(string, start[, length])
    trim([[spec ][character ]from] string)
    
    abs(arg)
    mod(arg0, arg1)
    sqrt(arg)
    
    current date
    current time
    current timestamp
    Along with an additional set of functions defined by ANSI SQL:
    
    any(arg) - aggregate function
    every(arg) - aggregate function
    
    var_samp(arg) - aggregate function
    var_pop(arg) - aggregate function
    stddev_samp(arg) - aggregate function
    stddev_pop(arg) - aggregate function
    
    cast(arg as Type)
    extract(field from arg)
    
    ln(arg)
    exp(arg)
    power(arg0, arg1)
    floor(arg)
    ceiling(arg)
    
    position(pattern in string)
    substring(string from start[ for length])
    overlay(string placing replacement from start[ for length])
    And the following functions for working with java.time types:
    
    local date
    local time
    local datetime
    offset datetime
    instant
    And a number of additional "standard" functions:
    
    left(string, length)
    right(string, length)
    replace(string, pattern, replacement)
    pad(string with length spec[ character])
    repeat(string, times)
    
    pi
    log10(arg)
    log(base, arg)
    sign(arg)
    sin(arg)
    cos(arg)
    tan(arg)
    asin(arg)
    acos(arg)
    atan(arg)
    atan2(arg0, arg1)
    round(arg0[, arg1])
    truncate(arg0[, arg1])
    sinh(arg)
    tanh(arg)
    cosh(arg)
    least(arg0, arg1, ...)
    greatest(arg0, arg1, ...)
    degrees(arg)
    radians(arg)
    bitand(arg1, arg1)
    bitor(arg1, arg1)
    bitxor(arg1, arg1)
    
    format(datetime as pattern)
    collate(string as collation)
    str(arg) - synonym of cast(a as String)
    ifnull(arg0, arg1) - synonym of coalesce(a, b)
    Finally, the following functions are defined as abbreviations for extract(), and desugared by the parser:
    
    second(arg) - synonym of extract(second from a)
    minute(arg) - synonym of extract(minute from a)
    hour(arg) - synonym of extract(hour from a)
    day(arg) - synonym of extract(day from a)
    month(arg) - synonym of extract(month from a)
    year(arg) - synonym of extract(year from a)
    Note that according to this definition, the second() function returns a floating point value, contrary to the integer type returned by the native function with this name on many databases. Thus, we don't just naively map these HQL functions to the native SQL functions with the same names.
    Overrides:
    
    initializeFunctionRegistry in class Dialect
  - getSqlAstTranslatorFactory
```
public SqlAstTranslatorFactory getSqlAstTranslatorFactory()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Return a SqlAstTranslatorFactory specific to this dialect, or null to use the standard translator.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getSqlAstTranslatorFactory in class Dialect
    
    See Also:
    
    StandardSqlAstTranslatorFactory, JdbcEnvironment.getSqlAstTranslatorFactory()
  - getTableExporter
```
public Exporter<Table> getTableExporter()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get an Exporter for Tables, usually StandardTableExporter.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getTableExporter in class Dialect
  - supportsCurrentTimestampSelection
```
public boolean supportsCurrentTimestampSelection()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support some way to retrieve the current timestamp value from the database?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsCurrentTimestampSelection in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    True if the current timestamp can be retrieved; false otherwise.
  - isCurrentTimestampSelectStringCallable
```
public boolean isCurrentTimestampSelectStringCallable()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Is the command returned by Dialect.getCurrentTimestampSelectString() treated as callable?
    Typically, this indicates the use of the JDBC escape syntax.
    
    Overrides:
    
    isCurrentTimestampSelectStringCallable in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    if the Dialect.getCurrentTimestampSelectString() is treated as callable; false otherwise.
  - getCurrentTimestampSelectString
```
public String getCurrentTimestampSelectString()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The command used to retrieve the current timestamp from the database.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getCurrentTimestampSelectString in class Dialect
  - appendBooleanValueString
```
public void appendBooleanValueString(SqlAppender appender,
                                     boolean bool)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Append the SQL literal expression representing the given boolean value to the given SqlAppender.
    
    Overrides:
    
    appendBooleanValueString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    appender - The SqlAppender to append the literal expression to
    
    bool - The boolean value
  - translateExtractField
```
public String translateExtractField(TemporalUnit unit)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Return the name used to identify the given field as an argument to the extract() function, or of this dialect's equivalent function.
    This method does not need to handle TemporalUnit.NANOSECOND, TemporalUnit.NATIVE, TemporalUnit.OFFSET, TemporalUnit.DATE, TemporalUnit.TIME, TemporalUnit.WEEK_OF_YEAR, nor TemporalUnit.WEEK_OF_MONTH, which are already desugared by ExtractFunction.
    
    Overrides:
    
    translateExtractField in class Dialect
  - timestampaddPattern
```
public String timestampaddPattern(TemporalUnit unit,
                                  TemporalType temporalType,
                                  IntervalType intervalType)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Obtain a pattern for the SQL equivalent to a timestampadd() function call. The resulting pattern must contain ?1, ?2, and ?3 placeholders for the arguments.
    
    Overrides:
    
    timestampaddPattern in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    unit - The unit to add to the temporal
    
    temporalType - The type of the temporal
    
    intervalType - The type of interval to add or null if it's not a native interval
  - timestampdiffPattern
```
public String timestampdiffPattern(TemporalUnit unit,
                                   TemporalType fromTemporalType,
                                   TemporalType toTemporalType)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Obtain a pattern for the SQL equivalent to a timestampdiff() function call. The resulting pattern must contain ?1, ?2, and ?3 placeholders for the arguments.
    
    Overrides:
    
    timestampdiffPattern in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    unit - the first argument
    
    fromTemporalType - true if the first argument is a timestamp, false if a date
    
    toTemporalType - true if the second argument is
  - appendDatetimeFormat
```
public void appendDatetimeFormat(SqlAppender appender,
                                 String format)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    Translate the given datetime format string from the pattern language defined by Java's DateTimeFormatter to whatever pattern language is understood by the native datetime formatting function for this database (often the to_char() function).
    Since it's never possible to translate every pattern letter sequences understood by DateTimeFormatter, only the following subset of pattern letters is accepted by Hibernate:
    
    G: era
    
    y: year of era
    
    Y: year of week-based year
    
    M: month of year
    
    w: week of week-based year (ISO week number)
    
    W: week of month
    
    E: day of week (name)
    
    e: day of week (number)
    
    d: day of month
    
    D: day of year
    
    a: AM/PM
    
    H: hour of day (24 hour time)
    
    h: hour of AM/PM (12 hour time)
    
    m: minutes
    
    s: seconds
    
    z,Z,x: timezone offset
    
    In addition, punctuation characters and single-quoted literal strings are accepted.
    Appends a pattern accepted by the function that formats dates and times in this dialect to a SQL fragment that is being constructed.
    Overrides:
    
    appendDatetimeFormat in class Dialect
  - datetimeFormat
```
public static Replacer datetimeFormat(String format)
```
  - canCreateSchema
```
public boolean canCreateSchema()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support creating and dropping schema?
    
    Overrides:
    
    canCreateSchema in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    True if the dialect supports schema creation; false otherwise.
  - getCreateSchemaCommand
```
public String[] getCreateSchemaCommand(String schemaName)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the SQL command used to create the named schema.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getCreateSchemaCommand in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    schemaName - The name of the schema to be created.
    
    Returns:
    
    The creation commands
  - getDropSchemaCommand
```
public String[] getDropSchemaCommand(String schemaName)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the SQL command used to drop the named schema.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getDropSchemaCommand in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    schemaName - The name of the schema to be dropped.
    
    Returns:
    
    The drop commands
  - getCurrentSchemaCommand
```
public String getCurrentSchemaCommand()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the SQL command used to retrieve the current schema name.
    Works in conjunction with Dialect.getSchemaNameResolver(), unless the resulting SchemaNameResolver does not need this information. For example, a custom implementation might make use of the Java 1.7 Connection.getSchema() method.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getCurrentSchemaCommand in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The current schema retrieval SQL
  - getSchemaNameResolver
```
public SchemaNameResolver getSchemaNameResolver()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the strategy for determining the schema name from a JDBC Connection, usually DefaultSchemaNameResolver.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getSchemaNameResolver in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The schema name resolver strategy
  - dropConstraints
```
public boolean dropConstraints()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Do we need to drop constraints before dropping tables in this dialect?
    
    Overrides:
    
    dropConstraints in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    True if constraints must be dropped prior to dropping the table; false otherwise.
  - qualifyIndexName
```
public boolean qualifyIndexName()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Do we need to qualify index names with the schema name?
    
    Overrides:
    
    qualifyIndexName in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if we do
  - getDropForeignKeyString
```
public String getDropForeignKeyString()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The subcommand of the alter table command used to drop a foreign key constraint, usually drop constraint.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getDropForeignKeyString in class Dialect
  - getAddForeignKeyConstraintString
```
public String getAddForeignKeyConstraintString(String constraintName,
                                               String[] foreignKey,
                                               String referencedTable,
                                               String[] primaryKey,
                                               boolean referencesPrimaryKey)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The syntax used to add a foreign key constraint to a table, with the referenced key columns explicitly specified.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getAddForeignKeyConstraintString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    constraintName - The foreign key constraint name
    
    foreignKey - The names of the columns comprising the foreign key
    
    referencedTable - The table referenced by the foreign key
    
    primaryKey - The explicit columns in the referencedTable referenced by this foreign key.
    
    referencesPrimaryKey - if false, constraint should be explicit about which column names the constraint refers to
    
    Returns:
    
    the "add FK" fragment
  - getAddForeignKeyConstraintString
```
public String getAddForeignKeyConstraintString(String constraintName,
                                               String foreignKeyDefinition)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The syntax used to add a foreign key constraint to a table, given the definition of the foreign key as a string.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getAddForeignKeyConstraintString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    constraintName - The foreign key constraint name
    
    foreignKeyDefinition - The whole definition of the foreign key as a fragment
  - getAddPrimaryKeyConstraintString
```
public String getAddPrimaryKeyConstraintString(String constraintName)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The syntax used to add a primary key constraint to a table.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getAddPrimaryKeyConstraintString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    constraintName - The name of the PK constraint.
    
    Returns:
    
    The "add PK" fragment
  - supportsLockTimeouts
```
public boolean supportsLockTimeouts()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support specifying timeouts when requesting locks.
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsLockTimeouts in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    True is this dialect supports specifying lock timeouts.
  - getLockingStrategy
```
public LockingStrategy getLockingStrategy(Lockable lockable,
                                          LockMode lockMode)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    A LockingStrategy which is able to acquire a database-level lock with the specified level.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getLockingStrategy in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    lockable - The persister for the entity to be locked.
    
    lockMode - The type of lock to be acquired.
    
    Returns:
    
    The appropriate locking strategy.
  - getForUpdateString
```
public String getForUpdateString(LockOptions lockOptions)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Given a set of LockOptions (lock level, timeout), determine the appropriate for update fragment to use to obtain the lock.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getForUpdateString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    lockOptions - contains the lock mode to apply.
    
    Returns:
    
    The appropriate for update fragment.
  - getForUpdateString
```
public String getForUpdateString()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the string to append to SELECT statements to acquire pessimistic UPGRADE locks for this dialect.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getForUpdateString in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The appropriate FOR UPDATE clause string.
  - getForUpdateString
```
public String getForUpdateString(String aliases)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the FOR UPDATE OF column_list fragment appropriate for this dialect, given the aliases of the columns to be write locked.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getForUpdateString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    aliases - The columns to be write locked.
    
    Returns:
    
    The appropriate FOR UPDATE OF column_list clause string.
  - getForUpdateString
```
public String getForUpdateString(String aliases,
                                 LockOptions lockOptions)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the FOR UPDATE OF or FOR SHARE OF fragment appropriate for this dialect, given the aliases of the columns to be locked.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getForUpdateString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    aliases - The columns to be locked.
    
    lockOptions - the lock options to apply
    
    Returns:
    
    The appropriate FOR UPDATE OF column_list clause string.
  - getWriteLockString
```
public String getWriteLockString(int timeout)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the string to append to SELECT statements to acquire pessimistic WRITE locks for this dialect.
    Location of the returned string is treated the same as Dialect.getForUpdateString().
    
    Overrides:
    
    getWriteLockString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    timeout - in milliseconds, -1 for indefinite wait and 0 for no wait.
    
    Returns:
    
    The appropriate LOCK clause string.
  - getWriteLockString
```
public String getWriteLockString(String aliases,
                                 int timeout)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the string to append to SELECT statements to acquire WRITE locks for this dialect, given the aliases of the columns to be write locked.
    Location of the returned string is treated the same as Dialect.getForUpdateString().
    
    Overrides:
    
    getWriteLockString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    aliases - The columns to be read locked.
    
    timeout - in milliseconds, -1 for indefinite wait and 0 for no wait.
    
    Returns:
    
    The appropriate LOCK clause string.
  - getReadLockString
```
public String getReadLockString(int timeout)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the string to append to SELECT statements to acquire READ locks for this dialect.
    Location of the returned string is treated the same as Dialect.getForUpdateString().
    
    Overrides:
    
    getReadLockString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    timeout - in milliseconds, -1 for indefinite wait and 0 for no wait.
    
    Returns:
    
    The appropriate LOCK clause string.
  - getReadLockString
```
public String getReadLockString(String aliases,
                                int timeout)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the string to append to SELECT statements to acquire READ locks for this dialect, given the aliases of the columns to be read locked.
    Location of the returned string is treated the same as Dialect.getForUpdateString().
    
    Overrides:
    
    getReadLockString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    aliases - The columns to be read locked.
    
    timeout - in milliseconds, -1 for indefinite wait and 0 for no wait.
    
    Returns:
    
    The appropriate LOCK clause string.
  - supportsOuterJoinForUpdate
```
public boolean supportsOuterJoinForUpdate()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support FOR UPDATE in conjunction with outer-joined rows?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsOuterJoinForUpdate in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    True if outer-joined rows can be locked via FOR UPDATE.
  - getForUpdateNowaitString
```
public String getForUpdateNowaitString()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Retrieves the FOR UPDATE NOWAIT syntax specific to this dialect.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getForUpdateNowaitString in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The appropriate FOR UPDATE NOWAIT clause string.
  - getForUpdateNowaitString
```
public String getForUpdateNowaitString(String aliases)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the FOR UPDATE OF column_list NOWAIT fragment appropriate for this dialect, given the aliases of the columns to be write locked.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getForUpdateNowaitString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    aliases - The columns to be write locked.
    
    Returns:
    
    The appropriate FOR UPDATE OF colunm_list NOWAIT clause string.
  - getForUpdateSkipLockedString
```
public String getForUpdateSkipLockedString()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Retrieves the FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED syntax specific to this dialect.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getForUpdateSkipLockedString in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The appropriate FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED clause string.
  - getForUpdateSkipLockedString
```
public String getForUpdateSkipLockedString(String aliases)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the FOR UPDATE OF column_list SKIP LOCKED fragment appropriate for this dialect, given the aliases of the columns to be write locked.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getForUpdateSkipLockedString in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    aliases - The columns to be write locked.
    
    Returns:
    
    The appropriate FOR UPDATE colunm_list SKIP LOCKED clause string.
  - getSequenceExporter
```
public Exporter<Sequence> getSequenceExporter()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get an Exporter for Sequences, usually StandardSequenceExporter.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getSequenceExporter in class Dialect
  - getForeignKeyExporter
```
public Exporter<ForeignKey> getForeignKeyExporter()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get an Exporter for ForeignKeys, usually StandardForeignKeyExporter.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getForeignKeyExporter in class Dialect
  - getUniqueKeyExporter
```
public Exporter<Constraint> getUniqueKeyExporter()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get an Exporter for unique key Constraints, usually StandardUniqueKeyExporter.
    
    Overrides:
    
    getUniqueKeyExporter in class Dialect
  - applyLocksToSql
```
public String applyLocksToSql(String sql,
                              LockOptions aliasedLockOptions,
                              Map<String,String[]> keyColumnNames)
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Modifies the given SQL, applying the appropriate updates for the specified lock modes and key columns.
    This allows emulation of SELECT FOR UPDATE for dialects which do not support the standard syntax.
    
    Overrides:
    
    applyLocksToSql in class Dialect
    
    Parameters:
    
    sql - the SQL string to modify
    
    aliasedLockOptions - lock options indexed by aliased table names.
    
    keyColumnNames - a map of key columns indexed by aliased table names.
    
    Returns:
    
    the modified SQL string.
  - getUniqueDelegate
```
public UniqueDelegate getUniqueDelegate()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Get the UniqueDelegate supported by this dialect
    
    Overrides:
    
    getUniqueDelegate in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The UniqueDelegate
  - supportsCircularCascadeDeleteConstraints
```
public boolean supportsCircularCascadeDeleteConstraints()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support definition of cascade delete constraints which can cause circular chains?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsCircularCascadeDeleteConstraints in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    True if circular cascade delete constraints are supported; false otherwise.
  - supportsCascadeDelete
```
public boolean supportsCascadeDelete()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Does this dialect support on delete actions in foreign key definitions?
    
    Overrides:
    
    supportsCascadeDelete in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the dialect does support the on delete clause.
  - supportsOffsetInSubquery
```
public boolean supportsOffsetInSubquery()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    Does this dialect support offset in subqueries?
    For example:
    select * from Table1 where col1 in (select col1 from Table2 order by col2 limit 1 offset 1)
    Overrides:
    
    supportsOffsetInSubquery in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    true if it does
  - openQuote
```
public char openQuote()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The character specific to this dialect used to begin a quoted identifier.
    
    Overrides:
    
    openQuote in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The dialect-specific open quote character.
  - closeQuote
```
public char closeQuote()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    The character specific to this dialect used to close a quoted identifier.
    
    Overrides:
    
    closeQuote in class Dialect
    
    Returns:
    
    The dialect-specific close quote character.
  - getLimitHandler
```
public LimitHandler getLimitHandler()
```
    Description copied from class: Dialect
    
    Obtain a LimitHandler that implements pagination support for Query.setMaxResults(int) and Query.setFirstResult(int).
    
    Overrides:
    
    getLimitHandler in class Dialect

Constructor	Description
`SpannerDialect()`
`SpannerDialect(DialectResolutionInfo info)`

Class SpannerDialect

Nested Class Summary

Nested classes/interfaces inherited from class org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect

Field Summary

Fields inherited from class org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect

Constructor Summary

Method Summary

Methods inherited from class org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

Constructor Detail

SpannerDialect

SpannerDialect

Method Detail

columnType

castType

getMaxVarcharLength

getMaxVarbinaryLength

supportsStandardArrays

getArrayTypeName

initializeFunctionRegistry

getSqlAstTranslatorFactory

getTableExporter

supportsCurrentTimestampSelection

isCurrentTimestampSelectStringCallable

getCurrentTimestampSelectString

appendBooleanValueString

translateExtractField

timestampaddPattern

timestampdiffPattern

appendDatetimeFormat

datetimeFormat

canCreateSchema

getCreateSchemaCommand

getDropSchemaCommand

getCurrentSchemaCommand

getSchemaNameResolver

dropConstraints

qualifyIndexName

getDropForeignKeyString

getAddForeignKeyConstraintString

getAddForeignKeyConstraintString

getAddPrimaryKeyConstraintString

supportsLockTimeouts

getLockingStrategy

getForUpdateString

getForUpdateString

getForUpdateString

getForUpdateString

getWriteLockString

getWriteLockString

getReadLockString

getReadLockString

supportsOuterJoinForUpdate

getForUpdateNowaitString

getForUpdateNowaitString

getForUpdateSkipLockedString

getForUpdateSkipLockedString

getSequenceExporter

getForeignKeyExporter

getUniqueKeyExporter

applyLocksToSql

getUniqueDelegate

supportsCircularCascadeDeleteConstraints

supportsCascadeDelete

supportsOffsetInSubquery

openQuote

closeQuote

getLimitHandler