Components might be used in just about every way that simple value types can be used in HQL queries. They can appear in the select clause:

select p.name from Person p

select p.name.first from Person p

where the Person's name property is a component. Components can also be used in the where clause:

from Person p where p.name = :name

from Person p where p.name.first = :firstName

Components can also be used in the order by clause:

from Person p order by p.name

from Person p order by p.name.first

Another common use of components is in row value constructors.