Salesforce does not provide the same set of functionality as a relational database. For example, Salesforce does not support arbitrary joins between tables. However, working in combination with the Teiid Query Planner, the Salesforce connector supports nearly all of the SQL syntax supported by the Teiid.

The Salesforce Connector executes SQL commands by “pushing down” the command to Salesforce whenever possible, based on the supported capabilities. Teiid will automatically provide additional database functionality when the Salesforce Connector does not explicitly provide support for a given SQL construct. In these cases, the SQL construct cannot be “pushed down” to the data source, so it will be evaluated in Teiid, in order to ensure that the operation is performed.

In cases where certain SQL capabilities cannot be pushed down to Salesforce, Teiid will push down the capabilities that are supported, and fetch a set of data from Salesforce. Then, Teiid will evaluate the additional capabilities, creating a subset of the original data set. Finally, Teiid will pass the result to the client.

SELECT sum(Reports) FROM Supervisor where Division = 'customer support';

Neither Salesforce nor the Salesforce Connector support the sum() scalar function, but they do support CompareCriteriaEquals, so the query that is passed to Salesforce by the connector will be transformed to this query.

SELECT Reports FROM Supervisor where Division = 'customer support';

The sum() scalar function will be applied by the Teiid Query Engine to the result set returned by the connector.

In some cases multiple calls to the Salesforce application will be made to support the SQL passed to the connector.

DELETE From Case WHERE Status = 'Closed';

The API in Salesforce to delete objects only supports deleting by ID. In order to accomplish this the Salesforce connector will first execute a query to get the IDs of the correct objects, and then delete those objects. So the above DELETE command will result in the following two commands.

SELECT ID From Case WHERE Status = 'Closed';
DELETE From Case where ID IN (<result of query>);

*The Salesforce API DELETE call is not expressed in SQL, but the above is an SQL equivalent expression.

It's useful to be aware of unsupported capabilities, in order to avoid fetching large data sets from Salesforce and making you queries as performant as possible. See all Supported Capabilities.

A multi-select picklist is a field type in Salesforce that can contain multiple values in a single field. Query criteria operators for fields of this type in SOQL are limited to EQ, NE, includes and excludes. The full Salesforce documentation for selecting from mullti-select picklists can be found at the following link. Querying Mulit-select Picklists

Teiid SQL does not support the includes or excludes operators, but the Salesforce connector provides user defined function definitions for these operators that provided equivalent functionality for fields of type multi-select. The definition for the functions is:

boolean includes(Column column, String param)
boolean excludes(Column column, String param)

For example, take a single multi-select picklist column called Status that contains all of these values.

For that column, all of the below are valid queries:

SELECT * FROM Issue WHERE true = includes (Status, 'current, working' );
SELECT * FROM Issue WHERE true = excludes (Status, 'current, working' );
SELECT * FROM Issue WHERE true = includes (Status, 'current;working, critical' );

EQ and NE criteria will pass to Salesforce as supplied. For example, these queries will not be modified by the connector.

SELECT * FROM Issue WHERE Status = 'current';
SELECT * FROM Issue WHERE Status = 'current;critical';
SELECT * FROM Issue WHERE Status != 'current;working';

The Salesforce connector supports the calling the queryAll operation from the Salesforce API. The queryAll operation is equivalent to the query operation with the exception that it returns data about all current and deleted objects in the system.

The connector determines if it will call the query or queryAll operation via reference to the isDeleted property present on each Salesforce object, and modeled as a column on each table generated by the importer. By default this value is set to False when the model is generated and thus the connector calls query. Users are free to change the value in the model to True, changing the default behavior of the connector to be queryAll.

The behavior is different if isDeleted is used as a parameter in the query. If the isDeleted column is used as a parameter in the query, and the value is 'true' the connector will call queryAll.

select * from Contact where isDeleted = true;

If the isDeleted column is used as a parameter in the query, and the value is 'false' the connector perform the default behavior will call query.

select * from Contact where isDeleted = false;

If the option is selected when importing metadata from Salesforce, a GetUpdated procedure is generated in the model with the following structure:

GetUpdated (ObjectName IN string,
	StartDate IN datetime, 
	EndDate IN datetime,
	LatestDateCovered OUT datetime)
returns
	ID string

See the description of the GetUpdated operation in the Salesforce documentation for usage details.

If the option is selected when importing metadata from Salesforce, a GetDeleted procedure is generated in the model with the following structure:

GetDeleted (ObjectName IN string,
	StartDate IN datetime, 
	EndDate IN datetime,
	EarliestDateAvailable OUT datetime,
	LatestDateCovered OUT datetime)
returns
	ID string,
	DeletedDate datetime

See the description of the GetDeleted operation in the Salesforce documentation for usage details.

Salesforce does not support joins like a relational database, but it does have support for queries that include parent-to-child or child-to-parent relationships between objects. These are termed Relationship Queries. The SalesForce connector supports Relationship Queries through Outer Join syntax.

SELECT Account.name, Contact.Name from Contact LEFT OUTER JOIN Account 
on Contact.Accountid = Account.id

This query shows the correct syntax to query a SalesForce model with to produce a relationship query from child to parent. It resolves to the following query to SalesForce.

SELECT Contact.Account.Name, Contact.Name FROM Contact

select Contact.Name, Account.Name from Account Left outer Join Contact
on Contact.Accountid = Account.id

This query shows the correct syntax to query a SalesForce model with to produce a relationship query from parent to child. It resolves to the following query to SalesForce.

SELECT Account.Name, (SELECT Contact.Name FROM
Account.Contacts) FROM Account

See the description of the Relationship Queries operation in the SalesForce documentation for limitations.

The following are the the connector capabilities supported by the Salesforce Connector. These SQL constructs will be pushed down to Salesforce.

Invoke allows for multiple binding, or protocol modes, including HTTP, SOAP11, and SOAP12.

Procedure invoke(binding in STRING, action in STRING, request in XML, endpoint in STRING) returns XML

The binding may be one of null (to use the default) HTTP, SOAP11, or SOAP12. Action with a SOAP binding indicates the SOAPAction value. Action with a HTTP binding indicates the HTTP method (GET, POST, etc.), which defaults to POST.

A null value for the binding or endpoint will use the default value. The default endpoint is specified in the WS resource adapter configuration. The endpoint URL may be absolute or relative. If it's relative then it will be combined with the default endpoint.

Since multiple parameters are not required to have values, it is often more clear to call the invoke procedure with named parameter syntax.

call invoke(binding=>'HTTP', action=>'GET')

The request XML should be a valid XML document or root element.

invokeHttp can return the byte contents of an HTTP(S) call.

Procedure invokeHttp(action in STRING, request in OBJECT, endpoint in STRING, contentType out STRING) returns BLOB

Action indicates the HTTP method (GET, POST, etc.), which defaults to POST.

A null value for endpoint will use the default value. The default endpoint is specified in the WS resource adapter configuration. The endpoint URL may be absolute or relative. If it's relative then it will be combined with the default endpoint.

Since multiple parameters are not required to have values, it is often more clear to call the invoke procedure with named parameter syntax.

call invokeHttp(action=>'GET')

The request can be one of SQLXML, STRING, BLOB, or CLOB. The request will be sent as the POST payload in byte form. For STRING/CLOB values this will default to the UTF-8 encoding. To control the byte encoding, see the to_bytes function.

invokeMdx returns a resultset of the tuples as array values.

Procedure invokeMdx(mdx in STRING) returns resultset (tuple object)

The mdx parameter is a MDX query to be executed on the OLAP server.

The results of the query will be returned such that each row on the row axis will be packed into an array value that will first contain each hierarcy member name on the row axis then each measure value from the column axis.